如何在 Mac OS X 下捕获/发布系统范围的键盘/鼠标事件？

Question

对于脚本实用程序，我需要能够记录应用程序获得焦点时发生的一系列键盘和鼠标事件。第二部分是能够稍后将这些事件发送到活动窗口。

我不需要担心菜单或跟踪哪个窗口接收输入的标识符。

我知道如何在 Windows 下执行此操作，但不知道 Mac OS X。

Answer 1

我要告诉你的第一件事是，如果用户在可访问性控制面板中启用对辅助设备的支持，你不能这样做。这是 OSX 内置的某种安全机制。

这是我在我的一个应用程序中使用的代码片段：

//this method calls a carbon method to attach a global event handler
- (void)attachEventHandlers
{
    //create our event type spec for the keyup
    EventTypeSpec eventType;
    eventType.eventClass = kEventClassKeyboard;
    eventType.eventKind = kEventRawKeyUp;

    //create a callback for our event to fire in
    EventHandlerUPP handlerFunction = NewEventHandlerUPP(globalKeyPress);

    //install the event handler
    OSStatus err = InstallEventHandler(GetEventMonitorTarget(), handlerFunction, 1, &eventType, self, NULL);

    //error checking
    if( err )
    {
        //TODO: need an alert sheet here
        NSLog(@"Error registering keyboard handler...%d", err);
    }

    //create our event type spec for the mouse events
    EventTypeSpec eventTypeM;
    eventTypeM.eventClass = kEventClassMouse;
    eventTypeM.eventKind = kEventMouseUp;

    //create a callback for our event to fire in
    EventHandlerUPP handlerFunctionM = NewEventHandlerUPP(globalMousePress);

    //install the event handler
    OSStatus errM = InstallEventHandler(GetEventMonitorTarget(), handlerFunctionM, 1, &eventTypeM, self, NULL);

    //error checking
    if( errM )
    {
        //TODO: need an alert sheet here
        NSLog(@"Error registering mouse handler...%d", err);
    }
}

这是我正在使用的回调方法的示例：

OSStatus globalKeyPress(EventHandlerCallRef nextHandler, EventRef theEvent, void *userData) 
{
    NSEvent *anEvent = [NSEvent eventWithEventRef:theEvent];
    NSEventType type = [anEvent type];
    WarStrokerApplication *application = (WarStrokerApplication*)userData;

    //is it a key up event?
    if( type == NSKeyUp)
    {
        //which key is it?
        switch( [anEvent keyCode] )
        {
            case NUMERIC_KEYPAD_PLUS: 
                //this is the character we are using for our toggle
                //call the handler function
                [application toggleKeyPressed];
                break;

                //Comment this line back in to figure out the keykode for a particular character                
            default:
                NSLog(@"Keypressed: %d, **%@**", [anEvent keyCode], [anEvent characters]);
                break;
        }
    }

    return CallNextEventHandler(nextHandler, theEvent);
}

Answer 2

后半部分，发布事件，使用ApplicationServices/ApplicationServices.h中提供的CGEvent方法

这是一个将鼠标移动到指定绝对位置的示例函数：

#include <ApplicationServices/ApplicationServices.h>

int to(int x, int y)
{
    CGPoint newloc;
    CGEventRef eventRef;
    newloc.x = x;
    newloc.y = y;

    eventRef = CGEventCreateMouseEvent(NULL, kCGEventMouseMoved, newloc,
                                        kCGMouseButtonCenter);
    //Apparently, a bug in xcode requires this next line
    CGEventSetType(eventRef, kCGEventMouseMoved);
    CGEventPost(kCGSessionEventTap, eventRef);
    CFRelease(eventRef);

    return 0;
}

Answer 3

点击鼠标事件见Link

我没有在 10.5 Leopard 下检查过这个，但在 10.4 上它可以工作。