git push 使用 Maven 发布插件失败

Question

运行 git 版本 1.7 和 maven 3.0.3 和 maven 发布插件 2.4.2 并尝试运行以下命令：

mvn clean install release:clean release:prepare release:perform

我收到以下错误：

[INFO] Checking in modified POMs...
[INFO] Executing: /bin/sh -c cd /home/foo-proj && git add -- pom.xml
[INFO] Working directory: /home/foo-proj
[INFO] Executing: /bin/sh -c cd /home/foo-proj && git status
[INFO] Working directory: /home/foo-proj
[INFO] Executing: /bin/sh -c cd /home/foo-proj && git commit --verbose -F /tmp/maven-scm-1966810637.commit pom.xml
[INFO] Working directory: /home/foo-proj
[INFO] Executing: /bin/sh -c cd /home/foo-proj && git symbolic-ref HEAD
[INFO] Working directory: /home/foo-proj
[INFO] Executing: /bin/sh -c cd /home/foo-proj && git push ssh://git.acmeco.com/gitroot/foo-proj.git master:master
[INFO] Working directory: /home/foo-proj
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1:03.408s
[INFO] Finished at: Sat Jun 14 21:30:48 UTC 2014
[INFO] Final Memory: 13M/57M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------    
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-release-plugin:2.4.2:prepare    (default-cli) on project mikesbikes: Unable to commit files
[ERROR] Provider message:
[ERROR] The git-push command failed.
[ERROR] Command output:
[ERROR] To ssh://git.acmeco.com/gitroot/foo-proj.git
[ERROR] ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
[ERROR] error: failed to push some refs to 'ssh://git.acmeco.com/gitroot/foo-proj.git'
[ERROR] To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected
[ERROR] Merge the remote changes before pushing again.  See the 'Note about
[ERROR] fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]

尤其是这一行导致了问题：

git push ssh://git.acmeco.com/gitroot/foo-proj.git master:master

如果我只是像 git push 一样手动执行此操作，我不会遇到任何问题，所以不确定 master:master 的实际含义。

我已经在网上彻底搜索过类似的问题，但只有少数参考相同的问题没有解决方案。任何关于可能是什么问题的建议将不胜感激。

编辑：这是-e 标志的输出：

error: failed to push some refs to 'ssh://git.acmeco.com/gitroot/proj-foo.git'
To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected
Merge the remote changes before pushing again.  See the 'Note about
fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.

    at   org.apache.maven.plugins.release.PrepareReleaseMojo.prepareRelease(PrepareReleaseMojo.java:285)
    at   org.apache.maven.plugins.release.PrepareReleaseMojo.execute(PrepareReleaseMojo.java:232)
    at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:106)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:208)
    ... 19 more
Caused by: org.apache.maven.shared.release.scm.ReleaseScmCommandException: Unable to commit files
Provider message:
The git-push command failed.
Command output:
To ssh://git.acemco.com/gitroot/foo-proj.git
! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
error: failed to push some refs to 'ssh://git.acmeco.com/gitroot/foo-proj.git'
To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected
Merge the remote changes before pushing again.  See the 'Note about
fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.

    at org.apache.maven.shared.release.phase.AbstractScmCommitPhase.checkin(AbstractScmCommitPhase.java:165)
    at org.apache.maven.shared.release.phase.AbstractScmCommitPhase.performCheckins(AbstractScmCommitPhase.java:145)
    at org.apache.maven.shared.release.phase.ScmCommitPreparationPhase.runLogic(ScmCommitPreparationPhase.java:76)
    at org.apache.maven.shared.release.phase.AbstractScmCommitPhase.execute(AbstractScmCommitPhase.java:78)
    at org.apache.maven.shared.release.DefaultReleaseManager.prepare(DefaultReleaseManager.java:234)
    at org.apache.maven.shared.release.DefaultReleaseManager.prepare(DefaultReleaseManager.java:169)
    at org.apache.maven.shared.release.DefaultReleaseManager.prepare(DefaultReleaseManager.java:146)
    at org.apache.maven.shared.release.DefaultReleaseManager.prepare(DefaultReleaseManager.java:107)
    at org.apache.maven.plugins.release.PrepareReleaseMojo.prepareRelease(PrepareReleaseMojo.java:277)
    ... 22 more
[ERROR]
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException

Answer 1

您的主分支是否与远程分支保持同步？

另外，您可能想尝试将您的 Git 升级到更年轻的版本（比如说 1.9.x）和最新的 maven 发布插件，目前是 2.5.2。

理论：

指定的错误似乎几乎只与 Git 相关：（即使发布插件在 Git 方面的名声很差）

[ERROR] To ssh://git.acmeco.com/gitroot/foo-proj.git
[ERROR] ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)
[ERROR] error: failed to push some refs to 'ssh://git.acmeco.com/gitroot/foo-proj.git'
[ERROR] To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected
[ERROR] Merge the remote changes before pushing again.  See the 'Note about
[ERROR] fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]

这通常意味着存在潜在的冲突。

release:prepare 阶段发生的事情是 Pom 文件已更新（使用新版本）并且新的提交是……呃……已提交。

然后会发生的是，如果远程 master 分支也修改了相同的行，您将无法正常推送它。 这也解释了您可以在之后手动运行该行的事实，因为 Maven 很有可能会回滚这个机会。

所以我倾向于将错误放在 Git 端。 但是，请注意，我不能排除release:plugin，因为它有时太笨拙以至于它可能会尝试将一些完全错误的东西推开！如果是这样，恐怕你也无能为力了。