使用 Python 和 Gmail SMTP 服务器发送电子邮件不适用于附件

Question

我正在尝试发送带有 PDF 附件的电子邮件。我已经定义了下一个函数：

def mail(to, subject, text, attach):
    gmail_user = "email@gmail.com"
    gmail_name = "name <email@gmail.com>"
    gmail_pwd = "password"

    msg = MIMEMultipart()

    msg['From'] = gmail_name
    msg['To'] = to
    msg['Subject'] = subject

    msg.attach(MIMEText(text))

    part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
    part.set_payload(open(attach, 'rb').read())
    Encoders.encode_base64(part)
    part.add_header('Content-Disposition',
           'attachment; filename="%s"' % os.path.basename(attach))
    msg.attach(part)

    mailServer = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)

    mailServer.ehlo()
    mailServer.starttls()
    mailServer.ehlo()
    mailServer.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)
    mailServer.sendmail(gmail_name, to, msg.as_string())
    mailServer.close()

问题是控制台显示如下错误

smtplib.SMTPServerDisconnected: Server not connected

但是，如果我只是将“msg.as_string”替换为“Whatever string”，它就可以正常工作。所以我认为当我尝试附加 PDF 文件时会发生此问题。

你能帮帮我吗？

谢谢

Answer 1

您还可以使用专门用于编写 HTML 电子邮件、内联显示图片和轻松附加文件的包！

我指的包是yagmail，我是开发者/维护者。

import yagmail
yag = yagmail.SMTP(gmail_name, gmail_pwd)
yag.send('xyz@gmail.com', 'Sample subject', contents = attach)

仅此而已（3 行对 69 行）！！

使用pip install yagmail 获取您的副本。

Contents 可以是一个列表，您还可以在其中添加文本，但由于您没有文本，您只能将 attach 文件名作为内容，不是吗？ 它读取文件，神奇地确定编码，并附加它:)

Answer 2

试试这个-

import smtplib
import mimetypes
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.Utils import COMMASPACE, formatdate
from email import Encoders


filePath = "fileName.pdf"

From = 'abc@gmail.com'
To = 'xyz@gmail.com'

msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = From
msg['To'] = To
msg['Date'] = formatdate(localtime=True)
msg['Subject'] = 'Sample subject'

msg.attach(MIMEText('Sample message'))

try:
    smtp = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
    smtp.starttls()
    smtp.login('abc@gmail.com', '123456')
except:
    i = 1
else:
    i = 0

if i == 0:
    ctype, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type(filePath)
    if ctype is None or encoding is not None:
        # No guess could be made, or the file is encoded (compressed), so
        # use a generic bag-of-bits type.
        ctype = 'application/octet-stream'
    maintype, subtype = ctype.split('/', 1)
    if maintype == 'text':
        fp = open(filePath)
        # Note: we should handle calculating the charset
        part = MIMEText(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    elif maintype == 'image':
        fp = open(filePath, 'rb')
        part = MIMEImage(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    elif maintype == 'audio':
        fp = open(filePath, 'rb')
        part = MIMEAudio(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    else:
        fp = open(filePath, 'rb')
        part = MIMEBase(maintype, subtype)
        part.set_payload(fp.read())
        fp.close()
        # Encode the payload using Base64
        Encoders.encode_base64(part)
    part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"' % filePath)
    msg.attach(part)
    try:
        smtp.sendmail(From, To, msg.as_string())
    except:
        print "Mail not sent"
    else:
        print "Mail sent"
    smtp.close()
else:
    print "Connection failed"

改编自： https://docs.python.org/2/library/email-examples.html

Answer 3

我相信你应该改变这个：part = MIMEBase('application', 'pdf')。
查看How do I send an email with a .csv attachment using Python 了解如何尝试猜测文件类型。
其他可能的问题：

• 尝试像这样添加标题： attachment.add_header("Content-Disposition", "attachment", filename=fileToSend)
• 您在这条线上使用什么编码器？ Encoders.encode_base64(part)。我认为你应该使用from email import encoders 然后encoders.encode_base64(part)