Python/Thunderbird 中的字符串格式化答案

【问题标题】：String Formatting in Python/ThunderbirdPython/Thunderbird 中的字符串格式化
【发布时间】：2020-06-23 02:08:36
【问题描述】：

Noob，尝试使用 Thunderbird（而不是 SMTP）向几十个人发送个性化电子邮件。我基本上希望在 Thunderbird 中显示如下消息：

Dear Bob, 

It was nice to meet you the other day.

但是，我最终得到：

Dear Bob (comma missing, and rest of body missing)

我尝试了以下方法：

import subprocess
import os

def send_email(name, email_address):
    #print(name, email_address)
    os.system("thunderbird -compose to= 'to',subject='subject',body='body'")
    tbirdPath = r'c:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Thunderbird\thunderbird.exe'
    to = email_address
    subject = 'Test Subject LIne'
    #body = "Dear %s, \n\n This is the body." %(name)
    body = 'html><body>Dear %s, This is the body <br></body></html>'%(name) 
    composeCommand = 'format=html,to={},subject={},body={}'.format(to, subject, body)
    subprocess.Popen([tbirdPath, '-compose', composeCommand])

与往常一样，我可以实现的简单答案优于我无法实现的复杂答案。我怀疑我在字符串格式方面遗漏了一些愚蠢的东西，但不确定到底是什么。提前感谢您的帮助。

【问题讨论】：

好像你在 Windows 上。试试\r\n？
是的，正在运行 Windows。 \r\n 没有变化

标签： python string-formatting

【解决方案1】：

来自this example，您可能需要用单引号和双引号将参数括起来。

像这样：

composeCommand = '"format=html,to=\'{}\',subject=\'{}\',body=\'{}\'"'.format(to, subject, body)

顺便说一句，如果你使用的是 python 3.6+，使用 f-strings 会使 str 更具可读性：

body = f'<html><body>Dear {name}, This is the body <br></body></html>' 
composeCommand = f'"format=html,to=\'{to}\',subject=\'{subject}\',body=\'{body}\'"'

【讨论】：

我尝试在两行中添加，没有变化，但是谢谢
当语法如下时它对我有用：composeCommand = "format=html,to={},subject={},body='{}'".format(to, subject,身体）

【解决方案2】：

所以这里有一个简单的程序，可以从 CSV 文件中读取姓名和电子邮件地址，并在 Windows 机器上使用 Python 自动从 Thunderbird 客户端起草电子邮件（您仍然需要在每个客户端上点击发送）。

import csv
import subprocess
import os

# a list that will contain OrderedDict ('Name', 'Bob'), ('email', bob@yahoo.com) 
each_persons_info = []

def load_email_info(data_file):
    """
    Load data from CSV files into memory.
    """
    # Load people
    with open(f"email_list.csv", encoding="utf-8") as f:
        reader = csv.DictReader(f)
        # using DictReader, starts reading at row 2, with row 1 forming your labels, append to each_persons_info list (differs from csv reader in that respect)        
    for row in reader:
        each_persons_info.append(row)

def send_email(name, email_address):
    """
    Launches Thunderbird and drafts personalized emails to people on your list, using content you supply in subject and body fields below.
    """
    subject = 'Test Subject LIne'
    body = "Dear {}".format(name) +  '\n' + '\n'  + "This is the body." + '\n'  + '\n'  + "The End." + '\n'

    to = email_address
    os.system("thunderbird -compose to= 'to',subject='subject',body='body'")
    tbirdPath = r'c:\Program Files (x86)\Mozilla Thunderbird\thunderbird.exe'
    composeCommand = "format=html,to={},subject={},body='{}'".format(to, subject, body) 
    subprocess.Popen([tbirdPath, '-compose', composeCommand])

def main():
    load_email_info("email_list.csv")

    # walk each person through the send email function 
    for item in each_persons_info:
        send_email(name, email_address)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

【讨论】：