您不能在 Spark 中将任意列添加到 DataFrame。只能使用字面量创建新列(其他字面量类型在How to add a constant column in a Spark DataFrame? 中描述)
from pyspark.sql.functions import lit
df = sqlContext.createDataFrame(
[(1, "a", 23.0), (3, "B", -23.0)], ("x1", "x2", "x3"))
df_with_x4 = df.withColumn("x4", lit(0))
df_with_x4.show()
## +---+---+-----+---+
## | x1| x2| x3| x4|
## +---+---+-----+---+
## | 1| a| 23.0| 0|
## | 3| B|-23.0| 0|
## +---+---+-----+---+
转换现有列:
from pyspark.sql.functions import exp
df_with_x5 = df_with_x4.withColumn("x5", exp("x3"))
df_with_x5.show()
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+
## | x1| x2| x3| x4| x5|
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+
## | 1| a| 23.0| 0| 9.744803446248903E9|
## | 3| B|-23.0| 0|1.026187963170189...|
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+
包含使用join:
from pyspark.sql.functions import exp
lookup = sqlContext.createDataFrame([(1, "foo"), (2, "bar")], ("k", "v"))
df_with_x6 = (df_with_x5
.join(lookup, col("x1") == col("k"), "leftouter")
.drop("k")
.withColumnRenamed("v", "x6"))
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+----+
## | x1| x2| x3| x4| x5| x6|
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+----+
## | 1| a| 23.0| 0| 9.744803446248903E9| foo|
## | 3| B|-23.0| 0|1.026187963170189...|null|
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+----+
或用函数/udf生成:
from pyspark.sql.functions import rand
df_with_x7 = df_with_x6.withColumn("x7", rand())
df_with_x7.show()
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+----+-------------------+
## | x1| x2| x3| x4| x5| x6| x7|
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+----+-------------------+
## | 1| a| 23.0| 0| 9.744803446248903E9| foo|0.41930610446846617|
## | 3| B|-23.0| 0|1.026187963170189...|null|0.37801881545497873|
## +---+---+-----+---+--------------------+----+-------------------+
映射到 Catalyst 表达式的性能方面的内置函数 (pyspark.sql.functions) 通常优于 Python 用户定义函数。
如果您想将任意 RDD 的内容添加为列,您可以