如果你的DataFrame 很大,最快的方法是使用DataFrame constructor 和stack 和双reset_index:
print pd.DataFrame(x for x in df['col_B']).set_index(df['col_A']).stack()
.reset_index(drop=True, level=1).reset_index().rename(columns={0:'col_B'})
测试:
import pandas as pd
mydata = [{'col_A' : 'A', 'col_B': [1,2,3]},
{'col_A' : 'B', 'col_B': [7,8]}]
df = pd.DataFrame(mydata)
print df
df = pd.concat([df]*1000).reset_index(drop=True)
print pd.DataFrame(x for x in df['col_B']).set_index(df['col_A']).stack().reset_index(drop=True, level=1).reset_index().rename(columns={0:'col_B'})
print pd.DataFrame(x for x in df['col_B']).set_index(df['col_A']).stack().reset_index().drop('level_1', axis=1).rename(columns={0:'col_B'})
print df['col_B'].apply(pd.Series).set_index(df['col_A']).stack().reset_index().drop('level_1', axis=1).rename(columns={0:'col_B'})
print pd.DataFrame([{'col_A':row['col_A'], 'col_B':val} for ind, row in df.iterrows() for val in row['col_B']])
时机:
In [1657]: %timeit pd.DataFrame(x for x in df['col_B']).set_index(df['col_A']).stack().reset_index().drop('level_1', axis=1).rename(columns={0:'col_B'})
100 loops, best of 3: 4.01 ms per loop
In [1658]: %timeit pd.DataFrame(x for x in df['col_B']).set_index(df['col_A']).stack().reset_index(drop=True, level=1).reset_index().rename(columns={0:'col_B'})
100 loops, best of 3: 3.09 ms per loop
In [1659]: %timeit pd.DataFrame([{'col_A':row['col_A'], 'col_B':val} for ind, row in df.iterrows() for val in row['col_B']])
10 loops, best of 3: 153 ms per loop
In [1660]: %timeit df['col_B'].apply(pd.Series).set_index(df['col_A']).stack().reset_index().drop('level_1', axis=1).rename(columns={0:'col_B'})
1 loops, best of 3: 357 ms per loop