iOS 11 导航栏中 UIBarButtonItem 的负间隔

Question

在 iOS 10 及更低版本中，有一种方法可以在导航栏中的按钮数组中添加负间隔，如下所示：

UIBarButtonItem *negativeSpacer = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFixedSpace target:nil action:nil];
negativeSpacer.width = -8;
self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItems = @[negativeSpacer, [self backButtonItem]];

这不再适用于 iOS 11（分隔符变为正数，而不是负数）。我检查了条形按钮项的视图层次结构，它现在嵌入到_UIButtonBarStackView 中。 iOS 11如何调整bar按钮的位置？

Answer 1

编辑：

这可能不再适用于 iOS 13。您可能会收到错误消息：

客户端尝试更改私有视图的布局边距时出错

旧答案：

我在 Apple 开发者论坛上发现了一个有点 hacky 的解决方案： https://forums.developer.apple.com/thread/80075

看起来问题出在 iOS 11 如何处理 UIBarButtonItem .fixedSpace 按钮以及 UINavigationBar 在 iOS 11 中的布局方式。导航栏现在使用自动布局和布局边距来布局按钮。该帖子（底部）中提出的解决方案是将所有布局边距设置为您想要的某个值。

class InsetButtonsNavigationBar: UINavigationBar {

    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()

        for view in subviews {
            // Setting the layout margins to 0 lines the bar buttons items up at
            // the edges of the screen. You can set this to any number to change
            // the spacing.
            view.layoutMargins = .zero
        }
    }

}

要使用这个带有自定义按钮间距的新导航栏，您需要使用以下代码更新创建导航控制器的位置：

let navController = UINavigationController(navigationBarClass: InsetButtonsNavigationBar.self, 
                                                 toolbarClass: UIToolbar.self)
navController.viewControllers = [yourRootViewController]

Answer 2

只是我的情况的一种解决方法，它可能对某些人有帮助。我想实现这一点：

以前我也使用过negativeSpacer。现在我想出了这个解决方案：

        let logoImage = UIImage(named: "your_image")
        let logoImageView = UIImageView(image: logoImage)
        logoImageView.frame = CGRect(x: -16, y: 0, width: 150, height: 44)
        logoImageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFit
        let logoView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 10, height: 44))
        **logoView.clipsToBounds = false**
        logoView.addSubview(logoImageView)
        let logoItem = UIBarButtonItem(customView: logoView)
        navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = logoItem

Answer 3

根据 keithbhunter 的回答，我创建了一个自定义 UINavigationBar：

NavigationBarCustomMargins.h：

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface NavigationBarCustomMargins : UINavigationBar

@property (nonatomic) IBInspectable CGFloat leftMargin;
@property (nonatomic) IBInspectable CGFloat rightMargin;

@end

NavigationBarCustomMargins.m:

#import "NavigationBarCustomMargins.h"

#define DefaultMargin 16
#define NegativeSpacerTag 87236223

@interface NavigationBarCustomMargins ()

@property (nonatomic) BOOL leftMarginIsSet;
@property (nonatomic) BOOL rightMarginIsSet;

@end

@implementation NavigationBarCustomMargins

@synthesize leftMargin = _leftMargin;
@synthesize rightMargin = _rightMargin;

- (void)layoutSubviews {
    [super layoutSubviews];

    if (([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] compare:@"11.0" options:NSNumericSearch] != NSOrderedAscending)) {
        BOOL isRTL = [UIApplication sharedApplication].userInterfaceLayoutDirection == UIUserInterfaceLayoutDirectionRightToLeft;
        for (UIView *view in self.subviews) {
            view.layoutMargins = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, isRTL ? self.rightMargin : self.leftMargin, 0, isRTL ? self.leftMargin : self.rightMargin);
        }
    } else {
        //left
        NSMutableArray *leftItems = [self.topItem.leftBarButtonItems mutableCopy];
        if (((UIBarButtonItem *)leftItems.firstObject).tag != NegativeSpacerTag) {

            UIBarButtonItem *negativeSpacer = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFixedSpace target:nil action:nil];
            negativeSpacer.tag = NegativeSpacerTag;
            negativeSpacer.width = self.leftMargin - DefaultMargin;
            [leftItems insertObject:negativeSpacer atIndex:0];

            [self.topItem setLeftBarButtonItems:[leftItems copy] animated:NO];
        }

        //right
        NSMutableArray *rightItems = [self.topItem.rightBarButtonItems mutableCopy];
        if (((UIBarButtonItem *)rightItems.firstObject).tag != NegativeSpacerTag) {

            UIBarButtonItem *negativeSpacer = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFixedSpace target:nil action:nil];
            negativeSpacer.tag = NegativeSpacerTag;
            negativeSpacer.width = self.rightMargin - DefaultMargin;
            [rightItems insertObject:negativeSpacer atIndex:0];
            [self.topItem setRightBarButtonItems:[rightItems copy] animated:NO];
        }
    }
}

- (CGFloat)leftMargin {
    if (_leftMarginIsSet) {
        return _leftMargin;
    }
    return DefaultMargin;
}

- (CGFloat)rightMargin {
    if (_rightMarginIsSet) {
        return _rightMargin;
    }
    return DefaultMargin;
}

- (void)setLeftMargin:(CGFloat)leftMargin {
    _leftMargin = leftMargin;
    _leftMarginIsSet = YES;
}

- (void)setRightMargin:(CGFloat)rightMargin {
    _rightMargin = rightMargin;
    _rightMarginIsSet = YES;
}

@end

之后，我在 Interface Builder 中将自定义类设置为 UINavigationController 并设置所需的边距： Screenshot 1

工作正常。支持 RTL 和 iOS 11 之前的版本： Screenshot 2

Answer 4

可以将leftBarButtonItem/rightBarButtonItem的customView设置为透明视图，然后将需要添加的按钮添加到这个透明视图中，再给按钮添加一些约束。

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    setNavigationItemButton()
}

func setNavigationItemButton() {
    let leftCustomView = UIView()
    let rightCustomView = UIView()
    leftCustomView.backgroundColor = .clear
    rightCustomView.backgroundColor = .clear
        
    navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = UIBarButtonItem(customView: leftCustomView)
    navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = UIBarButtonItem(customView: rightCustomView)
    navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem?.customView?.addSubview(searchButton)
    navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem?.customView?.addSubview(settingButton)
        
    // The size of the customView must be set through a constraint,
    // otherwise the customView size may change to 0, making the button doesn't work.
    let height = navigationController?.navigationBar.frame.height ?? 0

      navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem?.customView?.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem?.customView?.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: height).isActive = true
    navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem?.customView?.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: height).isActive = true
    navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem?.customView?.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem?.customView?.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: height).isActive = true
    navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem?.customView?.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: height).isActive = true
        
    // You must set the constraint for the button,
    // just set frame to be modified by the UIKit constraints and cannot achieve the purpose.
    searchButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    searchButton.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: leftCustomView.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
    searchButton.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: leftCustomView.leadingAnchor, constant: -8).isActive = true
    searchButton.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 32).isActive = true
    searchButton.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: searchButton.widthAnchor).isActive = true
        
    settingButton.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    settingButton.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: rightCustomView.centerYAnchor).isActive = true
    settingButton.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: rightCustomView.trailingAnchor, constant: 8).isActive = true
    settingButton.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 32).isActive = true
    settingButton.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: settingButton.widthAnchor).isActive = true
}

我在 iOS 13 和 iOS 14 上测试过，这个方法可行，但需要注意的是，你可能需要调整按钮的触摸范围。

下面是一个例子：

Answer 5

对我来说这个答案帮助https://stackoverflow.com/a/44896832
特别是我设置了 imageEdgeInsets 和 titleEdgeInsets 因为我的按钮同时具有图像和标题