如何根据 python 中的用户输入检查从数组中随机生成的值？

Question

我正在为我的 OCR GCSE 编程项目做一个音乐测验。 python 程序的目的是从数组中随机生成一首歌曲，显示歌曲的首字母并显示艺术家，然后让用户猜测歌曲的名称。歌曲数组和艺术家数组存储在单独的外部记事本文件中，并正确加载，显示歌曲和艺术家的首字母。我的问题是，即使用户猜对了歌曲名称，程序也会显示它不正确，并且与用户输入的正确歌曲名称不匹配。

我已尝试显示歌曲名称以确保我猜对了歌曲名称，并且还尝试复制歌曲名称并将其复制到用户输入中

import random
songlistfilecontents = open("songlist.txt", "r")
songlist = songlistfilecontents.readlines()
artistlistfilecontents = open("artistlist.txt", "r")
artistlist = artistlistfilecontents.readlines()
randomnumber = random.randint(0,11)
randomsong = songlist[randomnumber]
randomartist = artistlist [randomnumber]
initialsofsong = "".join(item[0].upper() for item in randomsong.split())

counter = 0
print("The songs' initials are " ,initialsofsong, " and the name of the 
artist is " ,randomartist)
print (randomsong)
songnameguess = input("Guess the name of the song!")
counter = counter + 1
while songnameguess != randomsong:
    songnameguess = input("Nope! Try again!")
    counter = counter + 1
if counter >=3 and songnameguess != randomsong:
    print ("Sorry, you've had two chances. Come back soon!")
elif songnameguess == randomsong:
    print ("Well done!")

我希望程序显示“干得好！”如果用户猜错歌曲不超过 3 次并且猜对了答案。但是，该程序从不显示此内容，而是显示 Nope!再试一次，并提示输入 songnameguess，直到用户猜测（不正确或正确）三次，然后打印对不起，你有两次机会。快回来吧！

Answer 1

就像@Barmar 在阅读文本文件时在 cmets 中所说的那样，您必须考虑到您将在每行末尾获取换行符这一事实。但是您的代码中还有另一个错误：在您的while 循环中，您永远不会检查用户给出的答案是否比您想要授予他的更多。因此，用户将陷入该循环，直到他给出正确的答案。

因此，只要稍加修改，它就会如下所示：

解决方案 1

import random
songlistfilecontents = open("songlist.txt", "r")
songlist = songlistfilecontents.readlines()
artistlistfilecontents = open("artistlist.txt", "r")
artistlist = artistlistfilecontents.readlines()
randomnumber = random.randint(0,11)
randomsong = songlist[randomnumber]
randomsong = randomsong.rstrip("\n")
randomartist = artistlist [randomnumber]
initialsofsong = "".join(item[0].upper() for item in randomsong.split())

counter = 0
print("The songs' initials are " ,initialsofsong, " and the name of the artist is " ,randomartist)
print (randomsong)
songnameguess = input("Guess the name of the song!")
counter = counter + 1
while counter < 3 and songnameguess != randomsong :
    songnameguess = input("Nope! Try again!")
    counter = counter + 1

if counter >=3 and songnameguess != randomsong:
    print ("Sorry, you've had two chances. Come back soon!")
elif songnameguess == randomsong:
    print ("Well done!")

Answer 2

但我们可以走得更远。

解决方案 2

import random

with open("songlist.txt", "r") as songlistfilecontents:
    songlist = songlistfilecontents.readlines()

with open("artistlist.txt", "r") as artistlistfilecontents:
    artistlist = artistlistfilecontents.readlines()

randomnumber = random.randint(0,11)
randomsong = songlist[randomnumber]
randomsong = randomsong.rstrip("\n")
randomartist = artistlist [randomnumber]
initialsofsong = "".join(item[0].upper() for item in randomsong.split())


print("The songs' initials are", initialsofsong, "and the name of the artist is", randomartist)
print (randomsong)
# First try
songnameguess = input("Guess the name of the song! ")
nb_tries_left = 2
answer_not_found = (songnameguess != randomsong)
while nb_tries_left > 0 and answer_not_found:
    songnameguess = input("Nope! Try again! ")
    nb_tries_left -= 1
    answer_not_found = (songnameguess != randomsong)

if answer_not_found:
    print ("Sorry, you've had two chances. Come back soon!")
else:
    print ("Well done!")

• 我使用context managers打开和读取文件
• 我使用nb_tries_left 记录停止前剩余的尝试次数。我没有计数到一个值，而是先设置该值然后递减为零。

Answer 3

我们可以走得更远：

解决方案3

import random

with open("songlist.txt", "r") as songs_file:
    with open("artistlist.txt", "r") as artists_file:
        songs_and_artists = [(song.rstrip('\n'), artist.rstrip('\n'))
                             for (song, artist) in zip(songs_file, artists_file)]

random_song, random_artist = random.choice(songs_and_artists)
songs_intials = "".join(item[0].upper() for item in random_song.split())


print("The songs' initials are", songs_intials, "and the name of the artist is", random_artist)
print(random_song)

nb_tries_left = 3
guess = input("Guess the name of the song! ")
nb_tries_left -= 1

finished = False
while not finished:
    answer_found = (guess == random_song)
    if not answer_found:
        guess = input("Nope! Try again! ")
        nb_tries_left -= 1

    finished = (answer_found or nb_tries_left <= 0) 

if answer_found:
    print ("Well done!")
else:
    print ("Sorry, you've had two chances. Come back soon!")

• 我使用文件对象是可迭代的这一事实。所以使用zip()，我创建了一个包含歌曲和艺术家组合的元组列表。
• 我使用random.choice() 随机选择歌曲和艺术家