Heroku 应用程序不会部署 - “没有要加载的文件 - spec_helper”答案

【问题标题】：Heroku Application won't deploy - "No such file to load -- spec_helper"Heroku 应用程序不会部署 - “没有要加载的文件 - spec_helper”
【发布时间】：2013-12-04 11:46:28
【问题描述】：

当我在部署后尝试打开 Heroku 应用程序时，出现以下错误：

应用程序发生错误，无法提供您的页面。请稍后重试。如果您是应用程序所有者，请查看您的日志以了解详细信息。 一个以下是 heroku 日志：

2013-12-02T17:20:35.252948+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from crashed to st
arting
2013-12-02T17:20:39.605491+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `b
in/rails server -p 34424 -e $RAILS_ENV`
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/
activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `require': No such
 file to load -- spec_helper (LoadError)
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `block in
require'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.609423+00:00 app[web.1]: => Run `rails server -h` for more s
tartup options
2013-12-02T17:21:00.609423+00:00 app[web.1]: => Booting WEBrick
2013-12-02T17:21:00.609423+00:00 app[web.1]: => Ctrl-C to shutdown server
2013-12-02T17:21:00.609423+00:00 app[web.1]: => Rails 4.0.1 application starting
 in production on http://0.0.0.0:34424
2013-12-02T17:21:00.609423+00:00 app[web.1]: Exiting
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `block in
require'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:214:in `load_depe
ndency'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/app/models/user_spec.r
b:1:in `<top (required)>'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `require'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:214:in `load_depe
ndency'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `require'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611424+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:289:in `depend_on
'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:229:in `require'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611261+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:330:in `require_o
r_load'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:462:in `each'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611424+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/activesupport-4.0.1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:207:in `require_d
ependency'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:464:in `each'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:464:in `block in eager_load!'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:465:in `block (2 levels) in eager_loa
d!'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:462:in `eager_load!'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `block in <module
:Finisher>'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611794+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initialize
rs'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611794+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-1.9.3/lib/
ruby/1.9.1/tsort.rb:183:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_componen
t'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611794+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-1.9.3/lib/
ruby/1.9.1/tsort.rb:150:in `block in tsort_each'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `each'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/engine.rb:347:in `eager_load!'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611794+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-1.9.3/lib/
ruby/1.9.1/tsort.rb:219:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.611643+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-1.9.3/lib/
ruby/1.9.1/tsort.rb:182:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-1.9.3/lib/
ruby/1.9.1/tsort.rb:180:in `each'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/application.rb:215:in `initialize!'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-1.9.3/lib/
ruby/1.9.1/tsort.rb:148:in `tsort_each'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config/environment.rb:
5:in `<top (required)>'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/ruby-1.9.3/lib/
ruby/1.9.1/tsort.rb:180:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config.ru:3:in `requir
e'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/railtie/configurable.rb:30:in `method_missing'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `new_from_string'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612216+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612216+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612216+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config.ru:in `new'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config.ru:in `<main>'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612045+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/config.ru:3:in `block
in <main>'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `eval'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:75:in `start'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/server.rb:277:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'

2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:48:in `app'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/server.rb:314:in `wrapped_app'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/server.rb:199:in `app'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612603+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:71:in `<top (required)>'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612447+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:76:in `block in <top (required)>'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612603+00:00 app[web.1]:    from /app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9
.1/gems/railties-4.0.1/lib/rails/commands.rb:71:in `tap'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612603+00:00 app[web.1]:    from bin/rails:4:in `require'
2013-12-02T17:21:00.612830+00:00 app[web.1]:    from bin/rails:4:in `<main>'
2013-12-02T17:21:02.231250+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 1
2013-12-02T17:21:02.244006+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to c
rashed

C:\Sites\rails_projects\sample_app>

宝石文件：

source 'https://rubygems.org'
ruby '1.9.3'
#ruby-gemset=railstutorial_rails_4_0

gem 'rails', '4.0.1'
gem 'bootstrap-sass', '2.3.2.0'
gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '3.1.2'
gem 'faker', '1.1.2'
gem 'will_paginate', '3.0.4'
gem 'bootstrap-will_paginate', '0.0.9'

group :development, :test do
  gem 'sqlite3', '1.3.8'
  gem 'rspec-rails', '2.13.1'
end

group :test do
  gem 'selenium-webdriver', '2.35.1'
  gem 'capybara', '2.1.0'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails', '4.2.1'
end

gem 'sass-rails', '4.0.1'
gem 'uglifier', '2.1.1'
gem 'coffee-rails', '4.0.1'
gem 'jquery-rails', '3.0.4'
gem 'turbolinks', '1.1.1'
gem 'jbuilder', '1.0.2'

group :doc do
  gem 'sdoc', '0.3.20', require: false
end

group :production do
  gem 'pg', '0.15.1'
  gem 'rails_12factor', '0.0.2'
end

【问题讨论】：

标签： ruby-on-rails heroku deployment

【解决方案1】：

我知道在整个日志输出中很难看到，但您收到的真正错误消息是 No such file to load -- spec_helper (LoadError)，它来自 app/models/user_spec.rb:1。

您将user_spec 文件放在app/models 目录中是否有原因？通常，模型测试放在spec/models 目录中。默认情况下，app 目录下的每个文件都由您的应用程序在启动时加载，通常您不想在应用程序中加载测试文件。

【讨论】：

我做了这个改变，但是我仍然遇到同样的错误。我应该补充一点，当我执行“heroku run rake db:migrate”时，rake 中止，它告诉我多个迁移的名称为“CreateMicroposts”。会是这样吗？我该如何解决？
我怀疑你得到了完全相同的错误，但它可能看起来与实际消息周围的所有堆栈跟踪垃圾相似。无法迁移肯定会使您的应用程序无法启动。您需要将其中一个 CreateMicroposts 迁移重命名为其他名称。

【解决方案2】：

很明显，您的应用正在崩溃。它在开发中运行吗？尝试在您的开发机器上运行rails s -e production 以便于调试。

【讨论】：