Python Hopfield 网络：训练网络 - 权重错误

Question

我是编程新手，目前在尝试训练我的 hopfield 网络时遇到了一些简单的问题，但在尝试计算连接的权重时我不断收到此错误。也许我不了解如何“训练”网络，或者我在某处或某处错过了一步。但是我已经在节点类下定义了函数：

    def update_weight(self):
    for i in self.incoming_connections:
        i.weight += (2*self.activation - 1)*(2*i.sender.activation-1)

这应该是正确的，但是当我更新权重，然后输入，然后激活（位于末尾）。对于我不理解的更新权重函数，我收到一条错误消息，提示“不支持的操作数类型”。有人可以帮我看看我的问题是什么吗？

# 
#                               Preparations 
# 

import random
import math
import pygame
nodes=[]
training=[]
NUMNODES=16

# 
#                                   Node Class
# 

class Node(object): 

    def __init__(self,name=None): 
        self.name=name 
        self.activation_threshold=1.0
        self.net_input=0.0
        self.outgoing_connections=[] 
        self.incoming_connections=[]
        self.activation=None

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    def addconnection(self,sender,weight=0.0):
        self.incoming_connections.append(Connection(sender,self,weight)) 

    def update_input(self): 
        self.net_input=0.0
        for conn in self.incoming_connections: 
            self.net_input += conn.weight * conn.sender.activation 
        print 'Updated Input for node', str(self), 'is', self.net_input 

    def update_activation(self):
        if self.net_input > self.activation_threshold:
            self.activation = 1.0
            print 'Node', str(self), 'is activated : ', self.activation
        elif self.net_input <= self.activation_threshold:
            self.activation = 0.0
            print 'Node', str(self), 'is not activated : ', self.activation

    def update_training(self):
        Node = random.choice(nodes)

    def update_weight(self):
        for i in self.incoming_connections:
            i.weight += (2*self.activation - 1)*(2*i.sender.activation-1)
            print 'Weight is now set'

# 
#                                   Connection Class
# 

class Connection(object): 
    def __init__(self, sender, reciever, weight): 
        self.weight=weight 
        self.sender=sender 
        self.reciever=reciever

    def __str__(self):
        string = "Connection from " + str(self.sender) + " to " + str(self.reciever) + ", weight = " + str(self.weight)
        return string

# 
#                                 Other Programs 
# 

def set_activations(act_vector): 
    for i in xrange(len(act_vector)): 
        nodes[i].activation = act_vector[i] 

for i in xrange(NUMNODES): 
    nodes.append(Node(str(i)))

for i in xrange(NUMNODES):#go thru all the nodes calling them i 
    for j in xrange(NUMNODES):#go thru all the nodes calling them j 
        if i!=j:#as long as i and j are not the same 
            nodes[i].addconnection(nodes[j])#connects the nodes together

#
#                                         Training Patterns
#

train1=(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0)
training.append(train1)
train2=(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0)
training.append(train2)
train3=(1.0,1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0,1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0,1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0,1.0,0.0,0.0)
training.append(train3)
train4=(1.0,0.0,1.0,0.0,1.0,0.0,1.0,0.0,1.0,0.0,1.0,0.0,1.0,0.0,1.0,0.0)
training.append(train4)

set_activations=(train1)

#
#                                        Running 10 Iterations
#

for i in xrange(10):
    print '                     *********** Iteration', str(i+1), '***********'
    for thing in nodes:
        thing.update_weight()
    for thing in nodes:
        thing.update_input()
    for thing in nodes:
        thing.update_activation()

out_file=open('output.txt','w')
out_file.close()

Answer 1

这些activation 属性之一可能是None

    i.weight += (2*self.activation - 1)*(2*i.sender.activation-1)

这是一件好事（而不是静默失败），因为它表明某个节点没有在某处正确设置的错误。

如果您发布实际的回溯，即使它对您没有意义，也会很有帮助。

编辑

看来这是个错误

set_activations=(train1)

你应该打电话给set_activations(train1)吗？