当我没有为对象分配任何属性时出现属性错误

Question

我正在尝试在 Tkinter 中制作一个简单的彩色游戏，这是我目前编写的代码：

from tkinter import *

import sys

import random

window = Tk() # initialize the window
window.geometry("653x500+78+78")
window.title("Welcome to Color Game!")


c = Canvas(window, height = 500, width = 653, highlightthickness = 0)# adding bg to test if the canvas is in the window
c.pack()

instructions = """          Welcome to Color Game! In this game, you will see a word on the screen. It will be
a color, like red.

         All you have to do is type in the COLOR of the word, not the word itself. So if the word is red, but the

text color is green, then you have to type green in. You will see the word for 1.5 seconds, which is enough time
to see a word and for your brain to identify a color. Enjoy!!!

         Oh yeah, and if you enter the actual word, you actually lose points :D
"""

text = c.create_text(325, 100, text = instructions, font = ("Helvetica", 10))



def start(): #this will be where the main game happens
    second = 2000
    
    window.withdraw()# close main menu
    #Here we configure the window boi
    main = Tk()
    main.geometry("653x500+78+78")
    main.title("Enter the color of the word, not the word itself")
    main.focus_force()
    main.configure(bg = "white")

    colors = ["Red", "Blue", "Green", "Orange", "Purple", "Brown", "Yellow"]

    choose = colors.copy()# copying the list so we can alter the elements without actually muting the original list. 
    
    text_color = random.choice(choose)
    choose.remove(text_color)
    actual_color = random.choice(choose)

    text = Label(main, text = text_color, fg = actual_color, bg = "white", font = ("Helvetica", 20))
    text.place(relx = 0.5, rely = 0.5, anchor = "center")

    count_down = Label(main, text = int(int(second)/1000), fg = random.choice(colors), bg = "white", font = ("Helvetica", 20))
    count_down.place(relx = 0.5, rely = 0.25, anchor = "center")
    second -= 1000

    main.after(1000, start)
    
def nevermind():# nevermind function. Status done
    window.withdraw()
    last = Tk()
    last.geometry("350x200")
    last.title("Are you sure?")
    t = Label(last, text = "Don't Quit! Quitting is for NOOBS!")
    t.place(relx = 0.5, rely = 0.45, anchor = "center")

    lastt = Label(last, text = "Are you sure?")
    lastt.place(relx = 0.5, rely = 0.55, anchor = "center")

    def YES():
        last.destroy()
        window.deiconify()
    
    yes = Button(last, text = "Yes", command = quit)
    no = Button(last, text = "No", command = YES)
    yes.place(relx = 0.25, rely = 0.95, relwidth = 0.5, relheight = 0.1, anchor = "center")
    no.place(relx = 0.75, rely = 0.95, relwidth = 0.5, relheight = 0.1, anchor = "center")
    

#add a start button and a nevermind button ;D
start = Button(window, text = "Start Game!", bd = 0, highlightthickness = 0, bg = "powder blue", activebackground = "powder blue", command = start)
start.place(relx = 0.25, rely = 0.95, relwidth = 0.5, relheight = 0.1, anchor = "center")

never_mind = Button(window, text = "Never mind!", bd = 0, highlightthickness = 0, bg = "orange", activebackground = "orange", command = nevermind)
never_mind.place(relx = 0.75, rely = 0.95, relwidth = 0.5, relheight = 0.1, anchor = "center")

window.mainloop() #always add this :D

这是特定于我得到的错误的函数：

def start(): #this will be where the main game happens
    second = 2000
    
    window.withdraw()# close main menu
    #Here we configure the window boi
    main = Tk()
    main.geometry("653x500+78+78")
    main.title("Enter the color of the word, not the word itself")
    main.focus_force()
    main.configure(bg = "white")

    colors = ["Red", "Blue", "Green", "Orange", "Purple", "Brown", "Yellow"]

    choose = colors.copy()# copying the list so we can alter the elements without actually muting the original list. 
    
    text_color = random.choice(choose)
    choose.remove(text_color)
    actual_color = random.choice(choose)

    text = Label(main, text = text_color, fg = actual_color, bg = "white", font = ("Helvetica", 20))
    text.place(relx = 0.5, rely = 0.5, anchor = "center")

    count_down = Label(main, text = int(int(second)/1000), fg = random.choice(colors), bg = "white", font = ("Helvetica", 20))
    count_down.place(relx = 0.5, rely = 0.25, anchor = "center")
    second -= 1000

    main.after(1000, start)

但我得到了错误：

>   main.after(1000, start)
  File "C:\Users\offcampus\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 611, in after
    callit.__name__ = func.__name__
AttributeError: 'Button' object has no attribute '__name__'

我看过this question，但我真的很困惑，因为我没有为Button 类分配任何任何属性。

那么这里发生了什么？

Answer 1

您在此处重复使用名称 start：

start = Button(window, text = "Start Game!", bd = 0, highlightthickness = 0, bg = "powder blue", activebackground = "powder blue", command = start)

因此，当您调用 main.after(1000, start) 时，它会尝试使用该按钮，但 main.after() 的第二个参数需要是一个函数。

不要为变量和函数使用相同的名称 - 重命名用于开始游戏按钮的变量，或重命名函数。