【问题标题】:How to show values inside the bars of a bargraph?如何在条形图的条内显示值?
【发布时间】:2025-12-08 09:05:01
【问题描述】:

我有一个这样的数据框:

                 platform     count
release_year        
         1996    PlayStation   138
         1997    PlayStation   170
         1998    PlayStation   155
         1999    PC            243...

现在我想在各个条形图中使用平台名称绘制水平条形图,使其看起来像这样:

我该怎么做?

【问题讨论】:

    标签: python pandas matplotlib


    【解决方案1】:

    找到每个平台的百分比后,输入data.csv 文件如下:

    Platform,Percent
    Nintendo,34
    PC,16
    Playstation,28
    Xbox,22
    

    这是代码:

    import pandas as pd
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    
    df = pd.read_csv("data.csv", index_col=0)
    df.plot(kind="barh", legend=False, width=0.8)
    for i, (p, pr) in enumerate(zip(df.index, df["Percent"])):
        plt.text(s=p, x=1, y=i, color="w", verticalalignment="center", size=18)
        plt.text(s=str(pr)+"%", x=pr-5, y=i, color="w",
                 verticalalignment="center", horizontalalignment="left", size=18)
    plt.axis("off")
    # xticks & yticks have empty lists to reduce white space in plot
    plt.xticks([])
    plt.yticks([])
    plt.tight_layout()
    plt.savefig("data.png")
    

    【讨论】:

      【解决方案2】:

      不确定您是否希望它以 百分比 %计数 本身的形式出现。这由你决定。 但是首先使用以下方法将您的数据框转换为列表:

      count = df["count"].tolist()
      platform = df["platform"].tolist()
      

      我不会专注于此。您可以从

      中找到一些相关帮助

      Dataframe to list 1

      Dataframe to list 2

      一旦你得到下面的列表,

      count = ['138','170','155','243','232']
      platform =['PlayStation','PlayStation','PlayStation','PC','PlayStation']
      

      注意:以上两个将是您在条形图中的文本标签

      完整代码如下:

      import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
      from numpy.random import rand
      from numpy import arange
      
      count = ['138','170','155','243','232']
      platform =['PlayStation','PlayStation','PlayStation','PC','PlayStation']
      def autolabel(rects):
      # attach some text labels
          for ii,rect in enumerate(rects):
              width = int(rect.get_width())
      
              height = rect.get_height()
              print(height,width)
              yloc1=rect.get_y() + height /2.0
              yloc2=rect.get_y() + height /2.0
              if (width <= 5):
                  # Shift the text to the right side of the right edge
                  xloc1 = width + 1
                  yloc2=yloc2+0.3
                  # Black against white background
                  clr = 'black'
                  align = 'left'
              else:
                  # Shift the text to the left side of the right edge
                  xloc1 = 0.98*width
                  # White on blue
                  clr = 'white'
                  align = 'right'
              yloc1=rect.get_y() + height /2.0
              print(xloc1,yloc1,yloc2)
              ax.text(xloc1,yloc1, '%s'% (count[ii]),horizontalalignment=align,
                               verticalalignment='center',color=clr,weight='bold',
                               clip_on=True)
              ax.text(5,yloc2, '%s'% (platform[ii]),horizontalalignment='left',
                               verticalalignment='center',color=clr,weight='bold',
                               clip_on=True)
      
      
      val = [138,170,155,243,232]
      print(val)# the bar lengths or count in your case
      pos = [ 1996 , 1997,  1998,  1999,  2000]    # the bar centers on the y axis
      print(pos)
      
      fig = plt.figure()
      ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
      rects = ax.barh(pos,val, align='center',height=0.4)
      print(rects)
      autolabel(rects)
      ax.set_ylabel('Year')
      ax.set_xlabel('Count')
      ax.set_title('horizontal bar chart')
      ax.grid(False)
      plt.savefig("horizontal.png")
      plt.show()
      

      您将非常感兴趣的部分:

      def autolabel(rects):
          # attach some text labels
              for ii,rect in enumerate(rects):
      
                  width =  rect.get_width()
      
                  height = rect.get_height()
      
                  yloc1=rect.get_y() + height /2.0
                  yloc2=rect.get_y() + height /2.0
                  if (width <= 5):
                      # Shift the text to the right side of the right edge
                      xloc1 = width + 1
                      yloc2=yloc2+0.3
                      # Black against white background
                      clr = 'black'
                      align = 'left'
                  else:
                      # Shift the text to the left side of the right edge
                      xloc1 = 0.98*width
                      # White on blue
                      clr = 'white'
                      align = 'right'
                  yloc1=rect.get_y() + height /2.0
      
                  ax.text(xloc1,yloc1, '%s'% (count[ii]),horizontalalignment=align,
                                   verticalalignment='center',color=clr,weight='bold',
                                   clip_on=True)
                  ax.text(5,yloc2, '%s'% (platform[ii]),horizontalalignment='left',
                                   verticalalignment='center',color=clr,weight='bold',
                                   clip_on=True)
      

      1) ii 变量来自枚举值 0 到 5。用于迭代我们的列表 countplatform

      2) 为什么函数中有 if/else 语句?那是在宽度太小的情况下。假设从val = [138,170,155,243,232] 获得的第一个宽度减少到 5,即val = [5,170,155,243,232],在这种情况下输出将是。

      我们所做的基本上是为 ax.text() 函数提供 xloc(x 坐标)和 yloc(y 坐标)值。

      ax.text(xloc1,yloc1, '%s'% (count[ii]),horizontalalignment=align,
                               verticalalignment='center',color=clr,weight='bold',
                               clip_on=True)
              ax.text(5,yloc2, '%s'% (platform[ii]),horizontalalignment='left',
                               verticalalignment='center',color=clr,weight='bold',
                               clip_on=True)
      

      功能参数

      文本(x, y, s, fontdict=None, withdash=False, **kwargs)

      x, y : 数据坐标

      s : 字符串,其他两个是可选的。

      如果宽度

      如果您更改这些值并查看输出如何变化以更好地理解它,那将是最好的

      更新:如果您不希望轴显示在输出中,就像您附加的图像中一样,您可以简单地输入ax.axis("off")

      【讨论】: