【发布时间】:2016-12-05 13:45:01
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试使用 X509 证书,该证书最初是使用 MMC 的“证书”管理单元导入到 Windows 10 计算机上的 CurrentUser 密钥库中的。相同的过程已在 Windows 8.1 计算机上进行了测试,结果相同。
使用标准的 PowerShell PKI 模块,我使用 Get-Item 获取 X509Certificate2 对象:
$my_cert = Get-Item Cert:\CurrentUser\My\ADAA82188A17THUMBPRINTXXXXXXXXXXX
$my_cert | fl *的输出如下:
PSPath : Microsoft.PowerShell.Security\Certificate::CurrentUser\My\XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
PSParentPath : Microsoft.PowerShell.Security\Certificate::CurrentUser\My
PSChildName : XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
PSDrive : Cert
PSProvider : Microsoft.PowerShell.Security\Certificate
PSIsContainer : False
EnhancedKeyUsageList : {Secure Email (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.4), IP security user (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.7), Encrypting File
System (1.3.6.1.4.1.311.10.3.4), Document Signing (1.3.6.1.4.1.311.10.3.12)...}
DnsNameList : {My Name}
SendAsTrustedIssuer : False
EnrollmentPolicyEndPoint : Microsoft.CertificateServices.Commands.EnrollmentEndPointProperty
EnrollmentServerEndPoint : Microsoft.CertificateServices.Commands.EnrollmentEndPointProperty
PolicyId : {D52C406F-C279-4BF2-B7C2-EE704290DB3E}
Archived : False
Extensions : {System.Security.Cryptography.Oid, System.Security.Cryptography.Oid,
System.Security.Cryptography.Oid, System.Security.Cryptography.Oid...}
FriendlyName :
IssuerName : System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X500DistinguishedName
NotAfter : 4/15/2017 2:15:16 PM
NotBefore : 4/15/2016 2:15:16 PM
HasPrivateKey : True
PrivateKey :
PublicKey : System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.PublicKey
RawData : {56, 130, 19, 252...}
SerialNumber : 4F0000002F700000000000000000000000
SubjectName : System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X500DistinguishedName
SignatureAlgorithm : System.Security.Cryptography.Oid
Thumbprint : XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Version : 3
Handle : 2241663016272
Issuer : CN=Issuing CA, DC=My, DC=Domain, DC=us
Subject : E=my.name@my.domain.us, CN=My Name
所以 HasPrivateKey == True,但 PrivateKey == null。我一直在试图弄清楚如何访问私钥以执行加密和解密。我在网上看到的示例似乎都表明 X509Certificate2 类的 PrivateKey 属性应该很容易获得,但显然我错过了一些东西。
我在这里读过类似的问题,例如Empty PrivateKey in x509certificate2,但似乎没有一个可以解决我的问题。我还阅读了 Paul Stovell 的 Eight tips for working with X.509 certificates in .NET,这很有启发性,但最终没有帮助。它确实帮助我验证了私钥是否存在于正确的位置,并且据我所知,它具有 x509Certificate2 类引用的正确权限:
C:\Users\My.Name\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\My\Keys
密钥文件的名称与证书上的主题密钥标识符匹配。
编辑:
certutil -user -store my "Serial Number" 的输出为:
Serial Number: 4f000000xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Issuer: CN=Issuing CA, DC=My, DC=Domain, DC=us
NotBefore: 4/15/2016 2:15 PM
NotAfter: 4/15/2017 2:15 PM
Subject: E=my.name@my.domain.us, CN=My Name
Non-root Certificate
Template: Userv1, User v1
Cert Hash(sha1): ad ab 82 18 8a 17 4d 75 11 04 48 7c 43 43 d4 05 b9 74 c8 4c
Key Container = te-Userv1-xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
Unique container name: fcbba1aa0xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx_xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
Provider = Microsoft Software Key Storage Provider
Encryption test passed
CertUtil: -store command completed successfully.
我在这里遗漏了哪些“关键”信息?为什么不能方便地从 X509Certificate2 对象中引用私钥?如何访问它?
【问题讨论】:
-
试试
$my_cert.get_PrivateKey()。它会抛出任何异常吗? -
@PetSerAl,我确实遇到了一个异常 - “指定的提供程序类型无效。”
标签: c# powershell x509 x509certificate2