可能有更好的方法，但我现在能想到的就是创建第二个表来保存您需要的值，并使用触发器进行适当的插入/删除：
这是一个例子：
-- Let's say this is your table
create table tbl_test(
id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key,
text varchar(50)
);
-- Now, here's the table I propose.
-- It will be related to your original table using 'Id'
-- (If you're using InnoDB you can add the appropriate constraint
create table tbl_incremental_values(
id int unsigned not null primary key,
incremental_value int unsigned not null default 0
);
-- The triggers that make this work:
delimiter $$
create trigger trig_add_one after insert on tbl_test for each row
begin
declare n int unsigned default 0;
set n = (select count(*) from tbl_test);
insert into tbl_incremental_values
values (NEW.id, (n));
end $$
-- If you're using InnoDB tables and you've created a constraint that cascades
-- delete operations, skip this trigger
create trigger trig_remove before delete on tbl_test for each row
begin
delete from tbl_incremental_values where id = OLD.id;
end $$
delimiter ;
现在，让我们测试一下：
insert into tbl_test(text) values ('a'), ('b');
select a.*, b.incremental_value
from tbl_test as a inner join tbl_incremental_values as b using (id);
-- Result:
-- id | text | incremental_value
-- ---+------+------------------
-- 1 | a | 1
-- 2 | b | 2
delete from tbl_test where text = 'b';
select a.*, b.incremental_value
from tbl_test as a inner join tbl_incremental_values as b using (id);
-- Result:
-- id | text | incremental_value
-- ---+------+------------------
-- 1 | a | 1
insert into tbl_test(text) values ('c'), ('d');
select a.*, b.incremental_value
from tbl_test as a inner join tbl_incremental_values as b using (id);
-- Result:
-- id | text | incremental_value
-- ---+------+------------------
-- 1 | a | 1
-- 3 | c | 2
-- 4 | d | 3
这适用于小型数据集，但作为evanv says in his answer：
为什么？“为什么您需要以这种方式存储数据？这实际上给了您什么？您实际上是否需要 SQL 中的信息？在同一个 SQL 表的同一个表中？
如果您只需要输出该结果，还有一种更简单的方法可以完成这项工作：用户变量。
现在假设您的表是这样的：
create table tbl_test(
id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key,
ts timestamp,
text varchar(50)
);
insert into tbl_test(text) values('a');
insert into tbl_test(text) values('b');
insert into tbl_test(text) values('c');
insert into tbl_test(text) values('d');
delete from tbl_test where text = 'b';
insert into tbl_test(text) values('e');
ts 列将采用插入每一行的日期和时间的值，因此如果您按该列对其进行排序，您将按插入顺序获得行。但是现在：如何添加“增量值”？使用用户变量的小技巧是可能的：
select a.*
, @n := @n + 1 as incremental_value
-- ^^^^^^^^^^^^ This will update the value of @n on each row
from (select @n := 0) as init -- <-- you need to initialize @n to zero
, tbl_test as a
order by a.ts;
-- Result:
-- id | ts | text | incremental_value
-- ---+---------------------+------+----------------------
-- 1 | xxxx-xx-xx xx:xx:xx | a | 1
-- 3 | xxxx-xx-xx xx:xx:xx | c | 2
-- 4 | xxxx-xx-xx xx:xx:xx | d | 3
-- 5 | xxxx-xx-xx xx-xx-xx | e | 4
但是现在...如何处理大型数据集，您可能会使用LIMIT？只需将@n初始化为limit的起始值：
-- A dull example:
prepare stmt from
"select a.*, @n := @n + 1 as incremental_value
from (select @n := ?) as init, tbl_test as a
order by a.ts
limit ?, ?";
-- The question marks work as "place holders" for values. If you're working
-- directly on MySQL CLI or MySQL workbench, you'll need to create user variables
-- to hold the values you want to use.
set @first_row = 2, @nrows = 2;
execute stmt using @first_row, @first_row, @nrows;
-- ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^
-- Initalizes The "floor" The number
-- the @n of the of rows
-- value LIMIT you want
--
-- Set @first_row to zero if you want to get the first @nrows rows
--
-- Result:
-- id | ts | text | incremental_value
-- ---+---------------------+------+----------------------
-- 4 | xxxx-xx-xx xx:xx:xx | d | 3
-- 5 | xxxx-xx-xx xx-xx-xx | e | 4
deallocate prepare stmt;