以 JSON 格式查询 Microsoft Dynamics NAV 2013 Odata 服务

Question

我已阅读here，Odata Web 服务也支持 JSON 格式。但是我怎样才能得到呢？

当我发送请求时，我只得到以下格式> application/atom+xml

Answer 1

试试这样的：

$.ajax({
       type: "GET",
       contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
       datatype: "json",
       url: odataSelect,
       beforeSend: function (XMLHttpRequest) { XMLHttpRequest.setRequestHeader("Accept", "application/json"); },
       success: function (data, textStatus, XmlHttpRequest) 
           { 
               ProcessReturnedEntities(data.d.results); 
               ProcessReturnedEntity(data.d);
           },
       error: function (XmlHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) { alert('OData Select Failed: ' + odataSelect); }
   });

有关完整示例，请参阅此site。

Answer 2

对于带有 HTML 和 JS 的 Windows 8 应用程序中的 WinJS，其如下：

WinJS.xhr({
    type: "GET",
    datatype: "json",
    url: 'http://localhost:7048/DynamicsNAV70/OData/P_21/',
    headers: {
        "Content-type": "application/json; charset=utf-8", "Accept": "application/json" },
    }).done(function (data, textStatus, XmlHttpRequest)  {
         console.log();
    },
    function (err) {
        console.log();
    });

请注意标题的不同定义。值完全相同。

Answer 3

要使用 JSON 而不是 XML 与您的 OData Web 服务进行通信，您实际上只需要设置以下两个标头：

• Accept: application/json
• Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8

或者，您也可以将 ?$format=json 放在 URL 的末尾。

无论您使用哪种编程语言与 Microsoft Dynamics NAV 通信，这都是事实。它同样适用于 JavaScript、JAVA、Python、Ruby、PHP，...

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演示代码

这是从 PHP 执行基本 GET 请求的方法：

$ch = curl_init(); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://<Server>:<WebServicePort>/<ServerInstance>/OData/Company(\'<CompanyName>\')/customer(\'1\')'); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);   
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, false);  

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, 'username:password');   
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, [
        'Accept: application/json',          
        'Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8',
]);   

$response = json_decode(curl_exec($ch), TRUE);
echo json_encode($response, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT);
// Close handle
curl_close($ch);

这是从 PHP 发出基本 POST 请求的方法：

$ch = curl_init(); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://<Server>:<WebServicePort>/<ServerInstance>/OData/Company(\'<CompanyName>\')/customer'); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);   
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);  

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode([
    "Name" => "This is a test customer",
    ...
]));

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, 'username:password');   
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, [
        'Accept: application/json',          
        'Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8',
]);   

$response = json_decode(curl_exec($ch), TRUE);
echo json_encode($response, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT);
curl_close($ch);

以下是如何从 PHP 发出基本的 PATCH 请求：

$ch = curl_init(); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://<Server>:<WebServicePort>/<ServerInstance>/OData/Company(\'<CompanyName>\')/customer(\'1\')'); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);   
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, 'PATCH');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode([
    "Name" => "This is a test customer",
    ...
]));

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, 'username:password');   
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, [
        'Accept: application/json',          
        'Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8',
        'If-Match: W/"\'' .  $etag . '\'"'
        // You can get your etag value by doing a get request first
]);   

$response = json_decode(curl_exec($ch), TRUE);
echo json_encode($response, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT);
curl_close($ch);

以下是如何从 PHP 发出基本的 DELETE 请求：

$ch = curl_init(); 

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://<Server>:<WebServicePort>/<ServerInstance>/OData/Company(\'<CompanyName>\')/customer(\'1\')'); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);   
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, 'DELETE');

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERPWD, 'username:password');   
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, [
        'Accept: application/json',          
        'Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8',
        'If-Match: W/"\'' .  $etag . '\'"'
        // You can get your etag value by doing a get request first
]);   

$response = json_decode(curl_exec($ch), TRUE);
echo json_encode($response, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT);
curl_close($ch);

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注 1

如果您需要创建/更新数据，请不要忘记对您的 POST 字段进行 Json 编码：

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);  
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode([
    "Name"=> "This is the name of my new customer"
]));

使用查询字符串或数组代替会产生错误An error occurred while processing this request.，这可能会让您困惑很长时间...

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注2

对于那些不喜欢处理原始 cURL 请求的人，我刚刚上传了一个基本的 OO 包装类，您可以在 this gist 找到它。