数据未保存在模型中

Question

我已经为我拥有的模型制作了模型表单，我无法直接将数据保存到模型，因为我有一个自定义格式日期字段，只能在 forms.py 中使用forms.DateField(input_formats=settings.DATE_INPUT_FORMATS) 制作，但由于某种原因数据我正在解析视图并没有保存在模型中。

views.py

def applications_view(request):
    if request.user.is_superuser:
        applications = LeaveApplication.objects.all()
        if request.method == "POST":
            id = request.POST.get('applications_id')
            user = request.POST.get('applications_user')
            reason = request.POST.get('applications_reason')
            from_date = request.POST.get('applications_from_date')
            to_date = request.POST.get('applications_to_date')
            if request.POST.get('approve'):
                something = LeaveList(user=user, reason=reason, from_date=from_date,
                 to_date=to_date, leave_status='Approve')
                leave_list_form = LeaveListForm(request.POST, instance=something)
                if leave_list_form.is_valid():
                    leave_list_form.save()             
            elif request.POST.get('deny'):
                something = LeaveList(user=user, reason=reason, from_date=from_date,
                 to_date=to_date, leave_status='Denied')
                leave_list_form = LeaveListForm(request.POST, instance=something)
                if leave_list_form.is_valid():
                    leave_list_form.save()          
        context = {
            'applications': applications
        }
        return render(request, 'home/applications.html', context)

forms.py

class LeaveListForm(forms.ModelForm):
    from_date = forms.DateField(input_formats=settings.DATE_INPUT_FORMATS)
    to_date = forms.DateField(input_formats=settings.DATE_INPUT_FORMATS)
    class Meta:
        model = LeaveList
        fields = [
            'user',
            'reason',
            'from_date',
            'to_date',
            'leave_status'
        ]

我没有在模板上呈现带有上下文的表单，因为我正在循环来自另一个模型的数据，我在每个循环都呈现的隐藏类型输入的帮助下使用按钮再次获取这些数据。

<table style="width:100%">
                <tr>
                    <th>Request ID</th>
                    <th>Employee</th>
                    <th>Reason for Leave</th>
                    <th>From Date</th>
                    <th>To Date</th>
                    <th>Approve/Deny</th>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>{{ applications.id }}</td>
                    <td>{{ applications.user }}</td>
                    <td>{{ applications.reason }}</td>
                    <td>{{ applications.from_date }}</td>
                    <td>{{ applications.to_date }}</td>
                    <td>
                    <form method="POST">
                    {% csrf_token %}
                    <input type="hidden" id="applications_id" name="applications_id" value="{{ applications.id }}">
                    <input type="hidden" id="applications_user" name="applications_user" value="{{ applications.user }}">
                    <input type="hidden" id="applications_reason" name="applications_reason" value="{{ applications.reason }}">
                    <input type="hidden" id="applications_from_date" name="applications_from_date" value="{{ applications.from_date }}">
                    <input type="hidden" id="applications_to_date" name="applications_to_date" value="{{ applications.to_date }}">
                    <input class="appproveButton appproveButtonYes" type="submit" name="approve" value="Approve">
                    <input type="submit" class="appproveButton appproveButtonNo"name="deny" value="Deny">
                    </form>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </table>

Answer 1

既然您已经在使用您的表单，为什么还要处理获取数据？只需将 POST 数据传递给表单并让它处理它。此外，您似乎不想从表单中获取 leave_status 而是在表单中传递一个不同的键，如果是这种情况，只需将它们从表单中删除并自己处理：

from django.shortcuts import redirect


def applications_view(request):
    if request.user.is_superuser:
        applications = LeaveApplication.objects.all()
        if request.method == "POST":
            form = LeaveListForm(request.POST)
            if form.is_valid():
                if request.POST.get('approve'):
                    leave_status = 'Approve'
                elif request.POST.get('deny'):
                    leave_status = 'Denied'
                else:
                    leave_status = 'SOME_DEFAULT_VALUE'
                form.instance.leave_status = leave_status
                form.save()
                return redirect('<SOME_URL_NAME>') # Redirect after successful form save!
        context = {
            'applications': applications,
        }
        return render(request, 'home/applications.html', context)

现在因为您使用不同的视图来呈现表单：

def other_view(request, *args, **kwargs):
    form = LeaveListForm()
    # rest of view
    context = {..., 'form': LeaveListForm()}
    return render(request, 'some_template.html', context)

在您的表单中：

class LeaveListForm(forms.ModelForm):
    from_date = forms.DateField(input_formats=settings.DATE_INPUT_FORMATS) # Make sure the input formats are correct
    to_date = forms.DateField(input_formats=settings.DATE_INPUT_FORMATS)
    class Meta:
        model = LeaveList
        fields = [
            'user',
            'reason',
            'from_date',
            'to_date',
        ] # Removed leave_status from here

另外，您似乎是通过编写 html 自己直接渲染表单。即使您想这样做，您也需要牢记表单并将输入的名称设置为表单所期望的名称！要么简单地将表单渲染留给 django，要么更正您的输入标签名称。我建议将表单渲染留给 django：

<form method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{ form.as_p }}
    <input type="submit" name="approve" value="Approve">
    <input type="submit" name="deny" value="Deny">
</form>

如果您不喜欢 Django 呈现表单的方式并希望对其进行自定义，那么有很多很棒的包可以帮助您做到这一点，例如django-widget-tweaks 和 django-crispy-forms。