如何从数据库中删除所有内容（表、视图、存储过程、函数）？答案

【问题标题】：How to delete everything from a database (tables, views, stored procedures, functions)?如何从数据库中删除所有内容（表、视图、存储过程、函数）？
【发布时间】：2020-02-29 15:09:13
【问题描述】：

我想删除数据库、表、视图、存储过程和函数中的所有内容。我找到了一些链接，但它们不适用于复杂的数据库。它未能删除表。这是我自己在这个网站上找到的脚本版本并对其进行了调整。

/* Drop all non-system stored procs */ 
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)
DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.procedures WHERE [name] = @name)

WHILE @name is not null 
BEGIN 
    SELECT @SQL = 'DROP PROCEDURE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
    EXEC (@SQL) 
    PRINT 'Dropped Procedure: ' + @name 

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.procedures WHERE [name] = @name) 
END 
GO 

/* Drop all views */ 
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)
DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.views WHERE [name] = @name)

WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
BEGIN 
    SELECT @SQL = 'DROP VIEW [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
    EXEC (@SQL) 
    PRINT 'Dropped View: ' + @name 
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.views WHERE [name] = @name)
END 
GO 

/* Drop all Foreign Key constraints */ 
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
DECLARE @constraint VARCHAR(254) 
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)

WHILE @name is not null 
BEGIN 
    SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name AND CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = @schema ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
    WHILE @constraint IS NOT NULL 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + RTRIM(@constraint) +']' 
        --BEGIN TRY        
            EXEC (@SQL)
            PRINT 'Dropped FK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name
        --END TRY
        --BEGIN CATCH
        --  PRINT (@SQL)
        --END CATCH
        SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name AND CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = @schema ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
    END 
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
END 
GO 

/* Drop all Primary Key constraints */ 
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
DECLARE @constraint VARCHAR(254) 
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)

WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
BEGIN 
    SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name AND CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = @schema ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
    WHILE @constraint is not null 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + RTRIM(@constraint)+']' 
        IF @SQL LIKE '%PK_arrival_detail%' BEGIN PRINT @SQL END
        EXEC (@SQL) 
        PRINT 'Dropped PK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name 
        SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
    END 
SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
END 
GO 

/* Drop all tables */ 
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.tables WHERE [name] = @name)

WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
BEGIN 
    SELECT @SQL = 'DROP TABLE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
    EXEC (@SQL) 
    PRINT 'Dropped Table: ' + @name 
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.tables WHERE [name] = @name)
END 
GO 

/* Drop all functions */ 
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.objects WHERE [name] = @name)

WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
BEGIN 
    SELECT @SQL = 'DROP FUNCTION [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
    EXEC (@SQL) 
    PRINT 'Dropped Function: ' + @name 
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.objects WHERE [name] = @name)
END 
GO

问题仅在于删除约束和删除表。对于与另一个表有关系的表，它总是失败。如何修复我的脚本以使其适用于更复杂的数据库？

【问题讨论】：

你试过“SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;”
@ashiaka 我在哪里可以设置？删除删除约束，只需设置 foreign_key_checks = 0？
这是一个 SQL 语句 - 将它用作您的第一个查询（也许它只适用于 MySQL 服务器）
删除数据库并创建一个新的怎么样？
@RemusRusanu 我不能那样做。 :(

标签： sql sql-server

【解决方案1】：

您提供的脚本即将完成。我在这里和那里调整了一些 where 条件，以使其在复杂情况下更加稳健。此版本支持删除 2 个名称相同但架构不同的对象。我还添加了一个部分来删除数据库触发器，因为它可能会阻止您在某些情况下删除表。

我已经用AdventureWorks Databases 和我自己的数据库（有点复杂）对此进行了测试。

    /* Drop all non-system stored procs */ 
    DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
    DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)
    DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.procedures WHERE [name] = @name)

    WHILE @name is not null 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @SQL = 'DROP PROCEDURE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
        --PRINT (@SQL)
        EXEC (@SQL) 
        PRINT 'Dropped Procedure: ' + @name 

        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'P' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name])
        SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.procedures WHERE [name] = @name) 
    END 
    GO 

    /* Drop all database triggers */
    DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
    DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 T.name FROM sys.triggers AS T WHERE T.parent_id = 0 /* database trigger */ ORDER BY [name])

    WHILE @name is not null 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @SQL = 'DROP TRIGGER [' + RTRIM(@name) +'] ON DATABASE' 
        EXEC (@SQL) 
        PRINT 'Dropped TRIGGER: ' + @name 

        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 T.name FROM sys.triggers AS T WHERE T.parent_id = 0 /* database trigger */ AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name])
    END 
    GO 

    /* Drop all views */ 
    DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
    DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254)
    DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.views WHERE [name] = @name)

    WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @SQL = 'DROP VIEW [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
        EXEC (@SQL) 
        PRINT 'Dropped View: ' + @name 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'V' AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
        SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.views WHERE [name] = @name)
    END 
    GO 

    /* Drop all Foreign Key constraints */ 
    DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
    DECLARE @constraint VARCHAR(254) 
    DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
    DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)

    WHILE @name is not null 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name AND CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = @schema ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
        WHILE @constraint IS NOT NULL 
        BEGIN 
            SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + RTRIM(@constraint) +']' 
            BEGIN TRY
                EXEC (@SQL)
                PRINT 'Dropped FK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name
            END TRY
            BEGIN CATCH
                PRINT (@SQL)
            END CATCH
            SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name AND CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = @schema ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
        END 
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
    END 
    GO 

    /* Drop all Primary Key constraints */ 
    DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
    DECLARE @constraint VARCHAR(254) 
    DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
    DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)

    WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND TABLE_NAME = @name AND CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = @schema ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
        WHILE @constraint is not null 
        BEGIN 
            SELECT @SQL = 'ALTER TABLE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +'] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + RTRIM(@constraint)+']' 
            --PRINT @SQL
            EXEC (@SQL)
            PRINT 'Dropped PK Constraint: ' + @constraint + ' on ' + @name 
            SELECT @constraint = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME <> @constraint AND TABLE_NAME = @name AND CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = @schema ORDER BY CONSTRAINT_NAME) 
        END 
    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE constraint_catalog=DB_NAME() AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' ORDER BY TABLE_NAME)
    END 
    GO 

    /* Drop all tables */ 
    DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
    DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
    DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.tables WHERE [name] = @name)

    WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @SQL = 'DROP TABLE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
        EXEC (@SQL) 
        PRINT 'Dropped Table: ' + @name 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] = 'U' AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
        SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.tables WHERE [name] = @name)
    END 
    GO 

    /* Drop all functions */ 
    DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
    DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
    DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 ORDER BY [name]) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.objects WHERE [name] = @name)

    WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @SQL = 'DROP FUNCTION [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
        EXEC (@SQL) 
        PRINT 'Dropped Function: ' + @name 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sysobjects WHERE [type] IN (N'FN', N'IF', N'TF', N'FS', N'FT') AND category = 0 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
        SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.objects WHERE [name] = @name)
    END 
    GO 

    /* Drop all types */ 
    DECLARE @name VARCHAR(128) 
    DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(254) 
    DECLARE @schema VARCHAR(128)

    SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sys.types WHERE is_user_defined = 1 ORDER BY [name]) 
    SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.types WHERE [name] = @name)

    WHILE @name IS NOT NULL 
    BEGIN 
        SELECT @SQL = 'DROP TYPE [' + @schema + '].[' + RTRIM(@name) +']' 
        EXEC (@SQL) 
        PRINT 'Dropped type: ' + @name 
        SELECT @name = (SELECT TOP 1 [name] FROM sys.types WHERE is_user_defined = 1 AND [name] > @name ORDER BY [name]) 
        SELECT @schema = (SELECT TOP 1 schema_name(schema_id) FROM sys.types WHERE [name] = @name)
    END 
    GO

【讨论】：

这是完美的。甚至打印日志以查看删除的内容！
5 年后，它仍然对我很有效。但我不明白为什么从那时起这条评论就没有被接受。

【解决方案2】：

请参考以下链接： Drop All Objects in a SQL Server Database

List Schema Name and Table Name for Database

【讨论】：

我已经尝试过您发布的链接上的脚本，但就像我说的那样，它不起作用。尝试删除表之间的约束时出错。
如何使用select * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS 构建查询？但是我没试过。
我已经按照我的帖子那样做了。问题是有时它会抛出一个错误，比如 'xxx' is not a constraint。

【解决方案3】：

我通常会建议与其他答案相同的方法，但是由于这似乎对您不起作用，所以这是一个完全不同的角度......

以正确的顺序生成 drop 语句以绕过约束是很复杂的，但幸运的是，架构修改工具有一个完整的利基市场可以为您解决这个问题。这是一种对我有用的方法：

在本地 SQL Server 上创建一个空白数据库，该数据库使用相同版本的 SQL Server 作为目标
下载Red Gate SQL Compare的试用版（其他类似供应商产品也可以使用）
SQL 将本地空白数据库与目标数据库进行比较，并运行它为您生成的脚本

同样，并不是说红门是唯一的工具。其他供应商声称具有类似的功能，只是我使用的是 Red Gate。另请注意，如果您尝试将其嵌入到一些更大的进程或脚本中，他们有一个 SDK。

【讨论】：

我目前使用 Red Gate SQL Compare，但问题是它保存在 TFS 中的脚本文件没有显示任何依赖关系。例如，如果我有 10 个视图，其中 9 个与 1 个视图相关，我不知道应该先执行哪个视图。
@Anonymous 你的意思是 SQL 源代码控制吗？如果您以交互方式运行 SQL 比较，它会为您提供一个运行脚本（它甚至可以直接针对目标运行它）