无法运行 rake 测试 Rails

Question

我正在关注 Michael Hartl (chapter 3) 的 Rails 教程。但是，当我像他一样编辑 Gemfile 然后运行 ​​rake 测试时，rails 建议我输入这一行：config.web_console.development_only = false 在 应用程序配置 文件中。我这样做并再次运行bundle exec rake test，这是错误消息：

/home/ys/workspace/sample_app/db/schema.rb doesn't exist yet. Run `rake db:migrate` to create it, then try again. If you do not intend to use a database, you should instead alter /home/ys/workspace/sample_app/config/application.rb to limit the frameworks that will be loaded.
/home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require': cannot load such file -- guard (LoadError)
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/guard-minitest-2.4.4/lib/minitest/guard_minitest_plugin.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:91:in `block in load_plugins'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `each'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `load_plugins'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:114:in `run'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:56:in `block in autorun'

然后我转到rake db:migrate，然后再次运行 rake 测试：

Running via Spring preloader in process 15638
/home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require': cannot load such file -- guard (LoadError)
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/guard-minitest-2.4.4/lib/minitest/guard_minitest_plugin.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:91:in `block in load_plugins'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `each'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `load_plugins'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:114:in `run'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:56:in `block in autorun'

我只能猜测 Ruby 有问题，因为前几天我从 2.3.0 升级到 2.3.1，因为我在运行 bundle install 时，rails 控制台抱怨错误的旧版本。 那么，如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

https://github.com/guard/guard-minitest

将保护 gem 添加到您的 gem 文件中。
宝石“守卫”

Answer 2

看起来这可能有效：

1) 只需从您的 Gemfile 和 Guardfile 中移除保护弹簧即可。

2）然后升级guard-rspec（运行bundle update guard-rspec）

3) 设置 使用 spring 的guard-rspec（参见： https://github.com/guard/guard-rspec#options)

发件人：https://github.com/guard/guard/issues/734