使用媒体查询的响应式布局答案

【问题标题】：Responsive Layout Using Media Queries使用媒体查询的响应式布局
【发布时间】：2019-12-22 06:52:02
【问题描述】：

我尝试实现我的第一个媒体查询，但我不明白为什么它没有效果。我有 4 列（弹性项目），我试图在 800 像素以下的屏幕上将其减少到 2 列（弹性项目）。

我遵循 w3schools 的示例。

如果有人可以查看我的代码并告诉我缺少什么，我将不胜感激。

https://codepen.io/mrlondon/project/live/DdvONp/

我正在尝试构建我的第一个静态网站。我现在正试图弄清楚如何让它响应。如果不添加更多详细信息，它不会让我发布此内容，但我只想知道此媒体查询有什么问题。

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

@media screen and(max-width:800px) {
  .column {
    flex: 50%;
    padding: 0 1%;
  }
}

body {
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  background-image: url("wallpaper2.jpg");
  background-repeat: repeat;
}

.header {
  width: 100%;
  background: black;
  height: 100px;
  color: white;
}

h1 {
  margin: 0 auto;
  position: relative;
  top: 30px;
  left: 15px;
  font-size: 2em;
  color: #f0c330;
}

ul {
  list-style-type: none;
  float: right;
  margin: auto;
  position: relative;
}

li {
  display: inline-block;
  padding-left: 20px;
  font-size: 1.4em;
}

.lastlist {
  padding-right: 65px;
}

.nav {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #f0c330;
}

.nav:hover {
  color: white;
}

.wrapper {
  width: 75%;
  background: pink;
  margin: 0 auto;
  height: max-content;
  padding: 2%;
}

.row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.column {
  flex: 0 1 25%;
  padding: 0 1%;
}

.gallery {
  width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 4%;
  max-width: 100%;
}

.column img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border: solid 2px #f0c330;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

<div class="header">
  <nav>
    <h1>Daniel Savva</h1>
    <ul>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  Home</a> </li>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  Gallery</a> </li>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  About</a> </li>
      <li class="lastlist"> <a class="nav" href="#">  Contact</a> </li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
</div>
<div class="wrapper">

  <div class="row">

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">

        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jySfU10IQu4">
          <img src="picture1.jpg" alt="Picture1">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-9dxYcH7sg">
          <img src="picture55.jpg" alt="picture55">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEgX64n3T7g">
          <img src="picture10.jpg" alt="picture10">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hF-QqKiT1bI">
          <img src="picture2.jpg" alt="picture2">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUvVdTlA23w">
          <img src="picture77.jpg" alt="picture77">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVL-zZnD3VU">
          <img src="picture11.jpg" alt="picture11">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>



    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_9tX4eHztY">
          <img src="picture3.jpg" alt="picture3">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu__TzWfpss">
          <img src="picture66.jpg" alt="picture66">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S71_vIMQ0YY">
          <img src="picture12.jpg" alt="picture12">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_9tX4eHztY">
          <img src="picture45.jpg" alt="picture45">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Soa3gO7tL-c">
          <img src="picture9.jpg" alt="picture9">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FrOQC-zEog">
          <img src="picture13.jpg" alt="picture13">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

</div>

【问题讨论】：

标签： css responsive-design media-queries

【解决方案1】：

and 和 (max-width-:800px) 之间需要一个空格。

您还需要将媒体查询放在末尾或增加选择器权重，否则.column {flex: xx} 的另一条规则会覆盖它。

示例：

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

@media screen and (max-width:800px) {
  .row .column {/* increase selector wheight or send me after .column selector */
    flex  :  50%;
    padding: 0 1%;
  }
}


body {
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  background-image: url("wallpaper2.jpg");
  background-repeat: repeat;
}

.header {
  width: 100%;
  background: black;
  height: 100px;
  color: white;
}

h1 {
  margin: 0 auto;
  position: relative;
  top: 30px;
  left: 15px;
  font-size: 2em;
  color: #f0c330;
}

ul {
  list-style-type: none;
  float: right;
  margin: auto;
  position: relative;
}

li {
  display: inline-block;
  padding-left: 20px;
  font-size: 1.4em;
}

.lastlist {
  padding-right: 65px;
}

.nav {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #f0c330;
}

.nav:hover {
  color: white;
}

.wrapper {
  width: 75%;
  background: pink;
  margin: 0 auto;
  height: max-content;
  padding: 2%;
}

.row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.column {
  flex: 0 1 25%;
  padding: 0 1%;
}

.gallery {
  width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 4%;
  max-width: 100%;
}

.column img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border: solid 2px #f0c330;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

<div class="header">
  <nav>
    <h1>Daniel Savva</h1>
    <ul>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  Home</a> </li>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  Gallery</a> </li>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  About</a> </li>
      <li class="lastlist"> <a class="nav" href="#">  Contact</a> </li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
</div>
<div class="wrapper">

  <div class="row">

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">

        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jySfU10IQu4">
          <img src="picture1.jpg" alt="Picture1">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-9dxYcH7sg">
          <img src="picture55.jpg" alt="picture55">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEgX64n3T7g">
          <img src="picture10.jpg" alt="picture10">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hF-QqKiT1bI">
          <img src="picture2.jpg" alt="picture2">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUvVdTlA23w">
          <img src="picture77.jpg" alt="picture77">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVL-zZnD3VU">
          <img src="picture11.jpg" alt="picture11">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>



    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_9tX4eHztY">
          <img src="picture3.jpg" alt="picture3">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu__TzWfpss">
          <img src="picture66.jpg" alt="picture66">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S71_vIMQ0YY">
          <img src="picture12.jpg" alt="picture12">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_9tX4eHztY">
          <img src="picture45.jpg" alt="picture45">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Soa3gO7tL-c">
          <img src="picture9.jpg" alt="picture9">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FrOQC-zEog">
          <img src="picture13.jpg" alt="picture13">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

</div>

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

将元标记添加到您的标题

<meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport" />

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

如果我正确理解您的问题，您只需添加这样的媒体查询（其中的max-width 值应根据您的实际要求进行调整）：

@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  .column {
    flex: 0 1 50%;
    padding: 0 1%;
  }
}

它将.column 的宽度设置为 50%（而不是 25%），这会导致 600 像素或更小的屏幕采用两列布局，而不是四列。

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

@media screen and(max-width:800px) {
  .column {
    flex: 50%;
    padding: 0 1%;
  }
}

body {
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  background-image: url("wallpaper2.jpg");
  background-repeat: repeat;
}

.header {
  width: 100%;
  background: black;
  height: 100px;
  color: white;
}

h1 {
  margin: 0 auto;
  position: relative;
  top: 30px;
  left: 15px;
  font-size: 2em;
  color: #f0c330;
}

ul {
  list-style-type: none;
  float: right;
  margin: auto;
  position: relative;
}

li {
  display: inline-block;
  padding-left: 20px;
  font-size: 1.4em;
}

.lastlist {
  padding-right: 65px;
}

.nav {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #f0c330;
}

.nav:hover {
  color: white;
}

.wrapper {
  width: 75%;
  background: pink;
  margin: 0 auto;
  height: max-content;
  padding: 2%;
}

.row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.column {
  flex: 0 1 25%;
  padding: 0 1%;
}

.gallery {
  width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 4%;
  max-width: 100%;
}

.column img {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  border-radius: 10px;
  border: solid 2px #f0c330;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  .column {
    flex: 0 1 50%;
    padding: 0 1%;
  }
}

<div class="header">
  <nav>
    <h1>Daniel Savva</h1>
    <ul>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  Home</a> </li>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  Gallery</a> </li>
      <li> <a class="nav" href="#">  About</a> </li>
      <li class="lastlist"> <a class="nav" href="#">  Contact</a> </li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
</div>
<div class="wrapper">

  <div class="row">

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">

        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jySfU10IQu4">
          <img src="picture1.jpg" alt="Picture1">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-9dxYcH7sg">
          <img src="picture55.jpg" alt="picture55">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEgX64n3T7g">
          <img src="picture10.jpg" alt="picture10">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hF-QqKiT1bI">
          <img src="picture2.jpg" alt="picture2">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUvVdTlA23w">
          <img src="picture77.jpg" alt="picture77">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVL-zZnD3VU">
          <img src="picture11.jpg" alt="picture11">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>



    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_9tX4eHztY">
          <img src="picture3.jpg" alt="picture3">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu__TzWfpss">
          <img src="picture66.jpg" alt="picture66">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S71_vIMQ0YY">
          <img src="picture12.jpg" alt="picture12">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="column">

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_9tX4eHztY">
          <img src="picture45.jpg" alt="picture45">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Soa3gO7tL-c">
          <img src="picture9.jpg" alt="picture9">
        </a>
      </div>

      <div class="gallery">
        <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FrOQC-zEog">
          <img src="picture13.jpg" alt="picture13">
        </a>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

</div>

【讨论】：