链接多个 Alamofire 请求

Question

我正在寻找一种可以链接多个 HTTP 请求的良好模式。我想使用 Swift，最好是Alamofire。

比如说，我想做以下事情：

1. 发出 PUT 请求
2. 发出 GET 请求
3. 用数据重新加载表

看来promises 的概念可能很适合这个。如果我可以这样做，PromiseKit 可能是一个不错的选择：

NSURLConnection.promise(
    Alamofire.request(
        Router.Put(url: "http://httbin.org/put")
    )
).then { (request, response, data, error) in
    Alamofire.request(
        Router.Get(url: "http://httbin.org/get")
    )   
}.then { (request, response, data, error) in
    // Process data
}.then { () -> () in
    // Reload table
}

但这是不可能的，或者至少我不知道。

如何在不嵌套多个方法的情况下实现此功能？

我是 iOS 新手，所以也许我缺少一些更基本的东西。我在其他框架（例如 Android）中所做的是在后台进程中执行这些操作并使请求同步。但是Alamofire is inherently asynchronous，所以这种模式不是一种选择。

Answer 1

在 Promise 中包装其他异步内容的工作方式如下：

func myThingy() -> Promise<AnyObject> {
    return Promise{ fulfill, reject in
        Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get", parameters: ["foo": "bar"]).response { (_, _, data, error) in
            if error == nil {
                fulfill(data)
            } else {
                reject(error)
            }
        }
    }
}

编辑：现在，使用：https://github.com/PromiseKit/Alamofire-

Answer 2

我写了一个类来逐个处理请求链。

我创建了一个类RequestChain，它以Alamofire.Request 作为参数

class RequestChain {
    typealias CompletionHandler = (success:Bool, errorResult:ErrorResult?) -> Void

    struct ErrorResult {
        let request:Request?
        let error:ErrorType?
    }

    private var requests:[Request] = []

    init(requests:[Request]) {
        self.requests = requests
    }

    func start(completionHandler:CompletionHandler) {
        if let request = requests.first {
            request.response(completionHandler: { (_, _, _, error) in
                if error != nil {
                    completionHandler(success: false, errorResult: ErrorResult(request: request, error: error))
                    return
                }
                self.requests.removeFirst()
                self.start(completionHandler)
            })
            request.resume()
        }else {
            completionHandler(success: true, errorResult: nil)
            return
        }

    }
}

我是这样使用的

let r1 = Alamofire.request(Router.Countries).responseArray(keyPath: "endpoints") { (response: Response<[CountryModel],NSError>) in
    print("1")
}

let r2 = Alamofire.request(Router.Countries).responseArray(keyPath: "endpoints") { (response: Response<[CountryModel],NSError>) in
    print("2")
}

let r3 = Alamofire.request(Router.Countries).responseArray(keyPath: "endpoints") { (response: Response<[CountryModel],NSError>) in
    print("3")
}

let chain = RequestChain(requests: [r1,r2,r3])

chain.start { (success, errorResult) in
    if success {
        print("all have been success")
    }else {
        print("failed with error \(errorResult?.error) for request \(errorResult?.request)")
    }


}

重要的是你告诉经理不要立即执行请求

    let manager = Manager.sharedInstance
    manager.startRequestsImmediately = false

希望对别人有所帮助

Swift 3.0 更新

class RequestChain {
    typealias CompletionHandler = (_ success:Bool, _ errorResult:ErrorResult?) -> Void

    struct ErrorResult {
        let request:DataRequest?
        let error:Error?
    }

    fileprivate var requests:[DataRequest] = []

    init(requests:[DataRequest]) {
        self.requests = requests
    }

    func start(_ completionHandler:@escaping CompletionHandler) {
        if let request = requests.first {
            request.response(completionHandler: { (response:DefaultDataResponse) in
                if let error = response.error {
                    completionHandler(false, ErrorResult(request: request, error: error))
                    return
                }

                self.requests.removeFirst()
                self.start(completionHandler)
            })
            request.resume()
        }else {
            completionHandler(true, nil)
            return
        }

    }
}

Swift 3 使用示例

/// set Alamofire default manager to start request immediatly to false
        SessionManager.default.startRequestsImmediately = false
        let firstRequest = Alamofire.request("https://httpbin.org/get")
        let secondRequest = Alamofire.request("https://httpbin.org/get")

        let chain = RequestChain(requests: [firstRequest, secondRequest])
        chain.start { (done, error) in

        }

Answer 3

您有多种选择。

---

选项 1 - 嵌套调用

func runTieredRequests() {
    let putRequest = Alamofire.request(.PUT, "http://httpbin.org/put")
    putRequest.response { putRequest, putResponse, putData, putError in
        let getRequest = Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get")
        getRequest.response { getRequest, getResponse, getData, getError in
            // Process data
            // Reload table
        }
    }
}

这绝对是我推荐的方法。将一个调用嵌套到另一个调用中非常简单，并且很容易理解。它还使事情变得简单。

---

选项 2 - 拆分为多个方法

func runPutRequest() {
    let putRequest = Alamofire.request(.PUT, "http://httpbin.org/put")
    putRequest.response { [weak self] putRequest, putResponse, putData, putError in
        if let strongSelf = self {
            // Probably store some data
            strongSelf.runGetRequest()
        }
    }
}

func runGetRequest() {
    let getRequest = Alamofire.request(.GET, "http://httpbin.org/get")
    getRequest.response { [weak self] getRequest, getResponse, getData, getError in
        if let strongSelf = self {
            // Probably store more data
            strongSelf.processResponse()
        }
    }
}

func processResponse() {
    // Process that data
}

func reloadData() {
    // Reload that data
}

此选项不那么密集，并将事物分成更小的块。根据您的需求和响应解析的复杂性，这可能是一种更易读的方法。

---

选项 3 - PromiseKit 和 Alamofire

Alamofire 可以很容易地处理这个问题，而无需引入 PromiseKit。如果你真的想走这条路，可以使用@mxcl提供的方法。

Answer 4

这是使用 DispatchGroup 的另一种方法（Swift 3、Alamofire 4.x）

import Alamofire

    struct SequentialRequest {

        static func fetchData() {

            let authRequestGroup =  DispatchGroup()
            let requestGroup = DispatchGroup()
            var results = [String: String]()

            //First request - this would be the authentication request
            authRequestGroup.enter()
            Alamofire.request("http://httpbin.org/get").responseData { response in
            print("DEBUG: FIRST Request")
            results["FIRST"] = response.result.description

            if response.result.isSuccess { //Authentication successful, you may use your own tests to confirm that authentication was successful

                authRequestGroup.enter() //request for data behind authentication
                Alamofire.request("http://httpbin.org/get").responseData { response in
                    print("DEBUG: SECOND Request")
                    results["SECOND"] = response.result.description

                    authRequestGroup.leave()
                }

                authRequestGroup.enter() //request for data behind authentication
                Alamofire.request("http://httpbin.org/get").responseData { response in
                    print("DEBUG: THIRD Request")
                    results["THIRD"] = response.result.description

                    authRequestGroup.leave()
                }
            }

            authRequestGroup.leave()

        }


        //This only gets executed once all the requests in the authRequestGroup are done (i.e. FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD requests)
        authRequestGroup.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main, execute: {

            // Here you can perform additional request that depends on data fetched from the FIRST, SECOND or THIRD requests

            requestGroup.enter()
            Alamofire.request("http://httpbin.org/get").responseData { response in
                print("DEBUG: FOURTH Request")
                results["FOURTH"] = response.result.description

                requestGroup.leave()
            }


            //Note: Any code placed here will be executed before the FORTH request completes! To execute code after the FOURTH request, we need the request requestGroup.notify like below
            print("This gets executed before the FOURTH request completes")

            //This only gets executed once all the requests in the requestGroup are done (i.e. FORTH request)
            requestGroup.notify(queue: DispatchQueue.main, execute: {

                //Here, you can update the UI, HUD and turn off the network activity indicator

                for (request, result) in results {
                    print("\(request): \(result)")
                }

                print("DEBUG: all Done")
            })

        })

    }
}

Answer 5

详情

• Alamofire 4.7.2
• PromiseKit 6.3.4
• Xcode 9.4.1
• 斯威夫特 4.1

完整样本

网络服务

import Foundation
import Alamofire
import PromiseKit

class NetworkService {

    static fileprivate let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "requests.queue", qos: .utility)

    fileprivate class func make(request: DataRequest) -> Promise <(json: [String: Any]?, error: Error?)> {
        return Promise <(json: [String: Any]?, error: Error?)> { seal in
            request.responseJSON(queue: queue) { response in

                // print(response.request ?? "nil")  // original URL request
                // print(response.response ?? "nil") // HTTP URL response
                // print(response.data ?? "nil")     // server data
                //print(response.result ?? "nil")   // result of response serialization

                switch response.result {
                case .failure(let error):
                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
                        seal.fulfill((nil, error))
                    }

                case .success(let data):
                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
                        seal.fulfill(((data as? [String: Any]) ?? [:], nil))
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    class func searchRequest(term: String) -> Promise<(json: [String: Any]?, error: Error?)>{
        let request = Alamofire.request("https://itunes.apple.com/search?term=\(term.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "+"))")
        return make(request: request)
    }
}

主要功能

func run() {
    _ = firstly {
        return Promise<Void> { seal in
            DispatchQueue.global(qos: .background).asyncAfter(deadline: DispatchTime.now() + .seconds(2)) {
                print("1 task finished")
                DispatchQueue.main.async {
                    seal.fulfill(Void())
                }
            }
        }
        }.then {
            return NetworkService.searchRequest(term: "John").then { json, error -> Promise<Void> in
                print("2 task finished")
                //print(error ?? "nil")
                //print(json ?? "nil")
                return Promise { $0.fulfill(Void())}
            }
        }.then {_ -> Promise<Bool> in
            print("Update UI")
            return Promise { $0.fulfill(true)}
        }.then { previousResult -> Promise<Void> in
            print("previous result: \(previousResult)")
            return Promise { $0.fulfill(Void())}
    }
}

结果

Answer 6

您可以使用PromiseKit 中的when 方法来附加/附加任意数量的调用。

这是来自PromiseKitdocs的示例：

firstly {
    when(fulfilled: operation1(), operation2())
}.done { result1, result2 in
    //…
}

它对我来说非常有效，而且它是一个更清洁的解决方案。

Answer 7

无限调用自身并定义结束条件。 API 链接的 urlring 和 json 的字典

我们可以构建队列模型或委托

 func getData(urlring : String  , para :  Dictionary<String, String>) {

    if intCount > 0 {

        Alamofire.request( urlring,method: .post, parameters: para , encoding: JSONEncoding.default, headers: nil) .validate()
            .downloadProgress {_ in
            }
            .responseSwiftyJSON {
                dataResponse in
                switch dataResponse.result {
                case .success(let json):
                    print(json)
                    let loginStatus : String = json["login_status"].stringValue
                    print(loginStatus)
                    if  loginStatus == "Y" {
                        print("go this")
                        print("login success : int \(self.intCount)")

                        self.intCount-=1
                        self.getData(urlring: urlring , para : para)
                    }
                case .failure(let err) :
                    print(err.localizedDescription)
                }
        }
    }else{
       //end condition workout
    }
}