场景 1:前导空格后/尾随空格前的引号
您可以使用正则表达式将字符串开头/结尾的引号连同前导/尾随空格一起捕获到第 1 组中,并将匹配所有其他上下文中的引号。然后您需要为每种可能性实现自定义替换:当第 1 组匹配时,您需要将整个匹配粘贴回来,如果没有,则替换为 ":
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <regex>
using namespace std;
template<class BidirIt, class Traits, class CharT, class UnaryFunction>
std::basic_string<CharT> regex_replace(BidirIt first, BidirIt last,
const std::basic_regex<CharT,Traits>& re, UnaryFunction f)
{
std::basic_string<CharT> s;
typename std::match_results<BidirIt>::difference_type
positionOfLastMatch = 0;
auto endOfLastMatch = first;
auto callback = [&](const std::match_results<BidirIt>& match)
{
auto positionOfThisMatch = match.position(0);
auto diff = positionOfThisMatch - positionOfLastMatch;
auto startOfThisMatch = endOfLastMatch;
std::advance(startOfThisMatch, diff);
s.append(endOfLastMatch, startOfThisMatch);
s.append(f(match));
auto lengthOfMatch = match.length(0);
positionOfLastMatch = positionOfThisMatch + lengthOfMatch;
endOfLastMatch = startOfThisMatch;
std::advance(endOfLastMatch, lengthOfMatch);
};
std::sregex_iterator begin(first, last, re), end;
std::for_each(begin, end, callback);
s.append(endOfLastMatch, last);
return s;
}
template<class Traits, class CharT, class UnaryFunction>
std::string regex_replace(const std::string& s,
const std::basic_regex<CharT,Traits>& re, UnaryFunction f)
{
return regex_replace(s.cbegin(), s.cend(), re, f);
}
std::string my_callback(const std::smatch& m) {
if (m.str(1).length() % 2 == 0) {
return """;
} else {
return m.str(0);
}
}
int main() {
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
cout << regex_replace(str, regex("(^\\s*\"|\"\\s*$)|\""), my_callback) << endl;
return 0;
}
请参阅C++ demo。 John Martin的回调实现。
场景 2:字符串开头/结尾的引号
你可以使用
std::regex("(?!^)\"(?!$)")
如果在字符串的开头 (^) 找到 ",则 (?!^) 否定前瞻失败匹配,如果在字符串的结尾 ($) 找到 (?!$),则匹配失败。
见regex demo
C++ demo:
#include <iostream>
#include <regex>
using namespace std;
int main() {
std::string str = "\"Hello people \" how are you doing \" what are \" you upto \"";
str = std::regex_replace(str, std::regex("(?!^)\"(?!$)"), """);
std::cout << str << std::endl;
return 0;
}
输出:"Hello people &quot; how are you doing &quot; what are &quot; you upto "