目前我发现的最佳解决方案是拥有两个可执行文件。
-
program.exe 是 GUI 应用程序。
-
program.com 是一个辅助命令行应用程序，它生成 program.exe 并将标准 I/O 传递给它。 （它不是 DOS 下的 COM 可执行文件，它只是重命名的标准 PE 可执行文件；因为在默认优先顺序 cmd.exe 中，.com 在 .exe 之前，您可以键入 program，它会自动调用 program.com如果两者都在路径中，而不是 program.exe。）
通过此设置，您可以在 Windows 命令提示符下键入program，将program.exe 写入标准输出，它会正确显示在控制台上；当您从 GUI 打开 program.exe 时，不会生成任何控制台窗口。
以下是帮助程序的示例实现，取自 Inkscape：
http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~inkscape.dev/inkscape/trunk/view/head:/src/winconsole.cpp
帮助程序创建三个管道，并使用CreateProcess 生成 GUI 程序，给它适当的管道末端。然后它创建三个线程，在无限循环中在管道和辅助程序的标准 I/O 之间复制数据。帮助程序被编译为控制台应用程序（重要） - MinGW 中的 -mconsole 开关。
/**
* \file
* Command-line wrapper for Windows.
*
* Windows has two types of executables: GUI and console.
* The GUI executables detach immediately when run from the command
* prompt (cmd.exe), and whatever you write to standard output
* disappears into a black hole. Console executables
* do display standard output and take standard input from the console,
* but when you run them from the GUI, an extra console window appears.
* It's possible to hide it, but it still flashes for a fraction
* of a second.
*
* To provide an Unix-like experience, where the application will behave
* correctly in command line mode and at the same time won't create
* the ugly console window when run from the GUI, we have to have two
* executables. The first one, inkscape.exe, is the GUI application.
* Its entry points are in main.cpp and winmain.cpp. The second one,
* called inkscape.com, is a small helper application contained in
* this file. It spawns the GUI application and redirects its output
* to the console.
*
* Note that inkscape.com has nothing to do with "compact executables"
* from DOS. It's a normal PE executable renamed to .com. The trick
* is that cmd.exe picks .com over .exe when both are present in PATH,
* so when you type "inkscape" into the command prompt, inkscape.com
* gets run. The Windows program loader does not inspect the extension,
* just like an Unix program loader; it determines the binary format
* based on the contents of the file.
*
*//*
* Authors:
* Jos Hirth <jh@kaioa.com>
* Krzysztof Kosinski <tweenk.pl@gmail.com>
*
* Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Authors
*
* Released under GNU GPL, read the file 'COPYING' for more information
*/
#ifdef WIN32
#undef DATADIR
#include <windows.h>
struct echo_thread_info {
HANDLE echo_read;
HANDLE echo_write;
unsigned buffer_size;
};
// thread function for echoing from one file handle to another
DWORD WINAPI echo_thread(void *info_void)
{
echo_thread_info *info = static_cast<echo_thread_info*>(info_void);
char *buffer = reinterpret_cast<char *>(LocalAlloc(LMEM_FIXED, info->buffer_size));
DWORD bytes_read, bytes_written;
while(true){
if (!ReadFile(info->echo_read, buffer, info->buffer_size, &bytes_read, NULL) || bytes_read == 0)
if (GetLastError() == ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE)
break;
if (!WriteFile(info->echo_write, buffer, bytes_read, &bytes_written, NULL)) {
if (GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_DATA)
break;
}
}
LocalFree(reinterpret_cast<HLOCAL>(buffer));
CloseHandle(info->echo_read);
CloseHandle(info->echo_write);
return 1;
}
int main()
{
// structs that will store information for our I/O threads
echo_thread_info stdin = {NULL, NULL, 4096};
echo_thread_info stdout = {NULL, NULL, 4096};
echo_thread_info stderr = {NULL, NULL, 4096};
// handles we'll pass to inkscape.exe
HANDLE inkscape_stdin, inkscape_stdout, inkscape_stderr;
HANDLE stdin_thread, stdout_thread, stderr_thread;
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa;
sa.nLength=sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
sa.lpSecurityDescriptor=NULL;
sa.bInheritHandle=TRUE;
// Determine the path to the Inkscape executable.
// Do this by looking up the name of this one and redacting the extension to ".exe"
const int pathbuf = 2048;
WCHAR *inkscape = reinterpret_cast<WCHAR*>(LocalAlloc(LMEM_FIXED, pathbuf * sizeof(WCHAR)));
GetModuleFileNameW(NULL, inkscape, pathbuf);
WCHAR *dot_index = wcsrchr(inkscape, L'.');
wcsncpy(dot_index, L".exe", 4);
// we simply reuse our own command line for inkscape.exe
// it guarantees perfect behavior w.r.t. quoting
WCHAR *cmd = GetCommandLineW();
// set up the pipes and handles
stdin.echo_read = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
stdout.echo_write = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
stderr.echo_write = GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
CreatePipe(&inkscape_stdin, &stdin.echo_write, &sa, 0);
CreatePipe(&stdout.echo_read, &inkscape_stdout, &sa, 0);
CreatePipe(&stderr.echo_read, &inkscape_stderr, &sa, 0);
// fill in standard IO handles to be used by the process
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
STARTUPINFOW si;
ZeroMemory(&si,sizeof(STARTUPINFO));
si.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
si.hStdInput = inkscape_stdin;
si.hStdOutput = inkscape_stdout;
si.hStdError = inkscape_stderr;
// spawn inkscape.exe
CreateProcessW(inkscape, // path to inkscape.exe
cmd, // command line as a single string
NULL, // process security attributes - unused
NULL, // thread security attributes - unused
TRUE, // inherit handles
0, // flags
NULL, // environment - NULL = inherit from us
NULL, // working directory - NULL = inherit ours
&si, // startup info - see above
&pi); // information about the created process - unused
// clean up a bit
LocalFree(reinterpret_cast<HLOCAL>(inkscape));
CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
CloseHandle(inkscape_stdin);
CloseHandle(inkscape_stdout);
CloseHandle(inkscape_stderr);
// create IO echo threads
DWORD unused;
stdin_thread = CreateThread(NULL, 0, echo_thread, (void*) &stdin, 0, &unused);
stdout_thread = CreateThread(NULL, 0, echo_thread, (void*) &stdout, 0, &unused);
stderr_thread = CreateThread(NULL, 0, echo_thread, (void*) &stderr, 0, &unused);
// wait until the standard output thread terminates
WaitForSingleObject(stdout_thread, INFINITE);
return 0;
}
#endif