【发布时间】:2019-07-03 23:12:08
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试将不同产品的单位分配给不同的商店。出于此玩具示例中不存在但在全面实施中必需的原因,我需要一个二进制变量来指示是否将特定产品的任何单元分配给每个特定商店。 因为这是一个玩具示例,所以这个变量在其当前实现中本质上是“表象的”——即它由通知我的目标函数的变量定义/约束,但它不会对其他任何东西产生任何影响。我认为正因为如此,无论我如何定义这个变量,gurobi 都会以完全相同的方式解决。然而,事实并非如此。每次,代码都会运行并生成 MIP 范围内的解决方案。但是解决方案的目标值在数值上是不同的。此外,结果看起来在质量上有所不同,一些解决方案将大量产品分配给商店,而其他解决方案将产品数量大量分配到所有商店。 为什么会这样? gurobi 如何实现这一点,以便我遇到这个问题?有解决办法吗?
我正在使用 Python 3.5.5 64 位和 gurobi 7.0.2
# each entry is the number of units of that item in that store
x = []
for i in prod_range:
x.append([])
for j in loc_range:
x[i].append( GRBmodel.addVar(vtype=GRB.INTEGER, obj=1, name='x_{}_{}'.format(i,j)) )
var_name_list.append('x_{}_{}'.format(i,j))
x[i].append( GRBmodel.addVar(vtype=GRB.INTEGER, obj=0, name='x_{}_{}'.format(i,j+1)) ) # the last loc is "unallocated" and incurs no revenue nor cost
var_name_list.append('x_{}_{}'.format(i,j+1))
GRBmodel.addConstr( x[i][j] >= 0, "constraint_0.{}_{}".format(i,j) )
# binary mask version of x
# should be 1 if there's any amount of that product in that store
y = []
for i in prod_range:
y.append([])
for j in loc_range:
y[i].append( GRBmodel.addVar(vtype=GRB.BINARY, name='y_{}_{}'.format(i,j)) )
var_name_list.append('y_{}_{}'.format(i,j))
GRBmodel.modelSense = GRB.MAXIMIZE
# all items assigned to some locations, including the "unallocated" loc
for i in prod_range:
GRBmodel.addConstr( sum(x[i][j] for j in loc_range) <= units_list[i], "constraint_1.1_{}".format(i) ) # notice in this "<=" way, x[i][unallocated] is free.
# not exceeding storage upper bounds or failing to meet lower bounds for each store
for j in loc_range:
GRBmodel.addConstr( sum(x[i][j] for i in prod_range) <= max_units_relax * UB_units_list[j], "constraint_1.3_{}".format(j) ) # Update p9
GRBmodel.addConstr( sum(x[i][j] for i in prod_range) >= LB_units_list[j], "constraint_1.4_{}".format(j) )
# test y. not sure why the answer is different when using 0.5 rather than 1
testInt = -10 # placeholder for break point
for i in prod_range:
for j in loc_range:
GRBmodel.addGenConstrIndicator( y[i][j], True, x[i][j], GRB.GREATER_EQUAL, 1 )
GRBmodel.addGenConstrIndicator( y[i][j], False, x[i][j], GRB.LESS_EQUAL, 1 ) ```
【问题讨论】:
标签: python linear-programming gurobi