免责声明:我是问题的作者。
我最终使用posix_ipc 模块创建了我自己的RawArray 版本。我主要使用posix_ipc.SharedMemory,它在后台调用shm_open()。
我的实现 (ShmemRawArray) 公开了与 RawArray 相同的功能,但需要两个附加参数 - 一个 tag 来唯一标识共享内存区域,以及一个 create 标志来确定我们是否应该创建一个新的共享内存段或附加到现有的。
如果有人感兴趣,这里是一份副本:https://gist.github.com/1222327
ShmemRawArray(typecode_or_type, size_or_initializer, tag, create=True)
使用说明:
- 前两个参数(
typecode_or_type 和 size_or_initializer)应该与 RawArray 一样工作。
- 只要
tag 匹配,任何进程都可以访问共享数组。
- 当原始对象(
ShmemRawArray(..., create=True)返回)被删除时,共享内存段被取消链接
- 使用当前存在的
tag 创建共享数组将引发ExistentialError
- 使用不存在(或已取消链接)的
tag 访问共享数组也会引发ExistentialError
一个SSCCE(简短、独立、可编译的示例)展示了它的实际应用。
#!/usr/bin/env python2.7
import ctypes
import multiprocessing
from random import random, randint
from shmemctypes import ShmemRawArray
class Point(ctypes.Structure):
_fields_ = [ ("x", ctypes.c_double), ("y", ctypes.c_double) ]
def worker(q):
# get access to ctypes array shared by parent
count, tag = q.get()
shared_data = ShmemRawArray(Point, count, tag, False)
proc_name = multiprocessing.current_process().name
print proc_name, ["%.3f %.3f" % (d.x, d.y) for d in shared_data]
if __name__ == '__main__':
procs = []
np = multiprocessing.cpu_count()
queue = multiprocessing.Queue()
# spawn child processes
for i in xrange(np):
p = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker, args=(queue,))
procs.append(p)
p.start()
# create a unique tag for shmem segment
tag = "stack-overflow-%d" % multiprocessing.current_process().pid
# random number of points with random data
count = randint(3,10)
combined_data = [Point(x=random(), y=random()) for i in xrange(count)]
# create ctypes array in shared memory using ShmemRawArray
# - we won't be able to use multiprocssing.sharectypes.RawArray here
# because children already spawned
shared_data = ShmemRawArray(Point, combined_data, tag)
# give children info needed to access ctypes array
for p in procs:
queue.put((count, tag))
print "Parent", ["%.3f %.3f" % (d.x, d.y) for d in shared_data]
for p in procs:
p.join()
运行此程序会产生以下输出:
[me@home]$ ./shmem_test.py
Parent ['0.633 0.296', '0.559 0.008', '0.814 0.752', '0.842 0.110']
Process-1 ['0.633 0.296', '0.559 0.008', '0.814 0.752', '0.842 0.110']
Process-2 ['0.633 0.296', '0.559 0.008', '0.814 0.752', '0.842 0.110']
Process-3 ['0.633 0.296', '0.559 0.008', '0.814 0.752', '0.842 0.110']
Process-4 ['0.633 0.296', '0.559 0.008', '0.814 0.752', '0.842 0.110']