【发布时间】：2012-02-14 00:48:46
【问题描述】：
我使用 Intel 的 SSE 内在函数已经有一段时间了，性能得到了很好的提升。因此，我希望 AVX 内在函数能够进一步加速我的程序。不幸的是，直到现在情况并非如此。可能我犯了一个愚蠢的错误，所以如果有人能帮助我，我将非常感激。
我使用带有 g++ 4.6.1 的 Ubuntu 11.10。我用
编译了我的程序（见下文）g++ simpleExample.cpp -O3 -march=native -o simpleExample
测试系统配备 Intel i7-2600 CPU。
这是说明我的问题的代码。在我的系统上，我得到了输出
98.715 ms, b[42] = 0.900038 // Naive
24.457 ms, b[42] = 0.900038 // SSE
24.646 ms, b[42] = 0.900038 // AVX
请注意，选择计算 sqrt(sqrt(sqrt(x))) 只是为了确保内存带宽不会限制执行速度；这只是一个例子。
simpleExample.cpp：
#include <immintrin.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
using namespace std;
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// This function returns the current time, expressed as seconds since the Epoch
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
double getCurrentTime(){
struct timeval curr;
struct timezone tz;
gettimeofday(&curr, &tz);
double tmp = static_cast<double>(curr.tv_sec) * static_cast<double>(1000000)
+ static_cast<double>(curr.tv_usec);
return tmp*1e-6;
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Main routine
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main() {
srand48(0); // seed PRNG
double e,s; // timestamp variables
float *a, *b; // data pointers
float *pA,*pB; // work pointer
__m128 rA,rB; // variables for SSE
__m256 rA_AVX, rB_AVX; // variables for AVX
// define vector size
const int vector_size = 10000000;
// allocate memory
a = (float*) _mm_malloc (vector_size*sizeof(float),32);
b = (float*) _mm_malloc (vector_size*sizeof(float),32);
// initialize vectors //
for(int i=0;i<vector_size;i++) {
a[i]=fabs(drand48());
b[i]=0.0f;
}
// +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
// Naive implementation
// +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
s = getCurrentTime();
for (int i=0; i<vector_size; i++){
b[i] = sqrtf(sqrtf(sqrtf(a[i])));
}
e = getCurrentTime();
cout << (e-s)*1000 << " ms" << ", b[42] = " << b[42] << endl;
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
for(int i=0;i<vector_size;i++) {
b[i]=0.0f;
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
// SSE2 implementation
// +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
pA = a; pB = b;
s = getCurrentTime();
for (int i=0; i<vector_size; i+=4){
rA = _mm_load_ps(pA);
rB = _mm_sqrt_ps(_mm_sqrt_ps(_mm_sqrt_ps(rA)));
_mm_store_ps(pB,rB);
pA += 4;
pB += 4;
}
e = getCurrentTime();
cout << (e-s)*1000 << " ms" << ", b[42] = " << b[42] << endl;
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
for(int i=0;i<vector_size;i++) {
b[i]=0.0f;
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
// AVX implementation
// +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
pA = a; pB = b;
s = getCurrentTime();
for (int i=0; i<vector_size; i+=8){
rA_AVX = _mm256_load_ps(pA);
rB_AVX = _mm256_sqrt_ps(_mm256_sqrt_ps(_mm256_sqrt_ps(rA_AVX)));
_mm256_store_ps(pB,rB_AVX);
pA += 8;
pB += 8;
}
e = getCurrentTime();
cout << (e-s)*1000 << " ms" << ", b[42] = " << b[42] << endl;
_mm_free(a);
_mm_free(b);
return 0;
}
感谢任何帮助！
【问题讨论】：
标签： c++ performance gcc sse avx