【发布时间】：2021-04-19 01:39:38
【问题描述】：
我正在尝试将我的应用程序部署到 heroku。 该应用程序有一个使用 Websockets 和 django 频道的简单聊天系统。
当我使用 python manage.py runserver 测试我的应用程序时，应用程序的行为符合预期。
我尝试部署应用程序，所有功能都可以使用，除了聊天系统。
这是我在 Chrome 控制台中收到的错误消息：
layout.js:108 Mixed Content: The page at 'https://desolate-lowlands-74512.herokuapp.com/index' was loaded over HTTPS, but attempted to connect to the insecure WebSocket endpoint 'ws://desolate-lowlands-74512.herokuapp.com/ws/chat/19/'. This request has been blocked; this endpoint must be available over WSS.
这是我试图解决的问题：我从 ws 转到 wss 我改变了这个：
const chatSocket = new WebSocket(
'ws://'
+ window.location.host
+ '/ws/chat/'
+ friendship_id
+ '/'
);
console.log(chatSocket)
到这里：
const chatSocket = new WebSocket(
'wss://'
+ window.location.host
+ '/ws/chat/'
+ friendship_id
+ '/'
);
console.log(chatSocket)
通过此更改加载 websocket，但聊天系统仍然无法工作。 消息仍然没有被发送或接收
这是我打开聊天框时收到的错误消息：
layout.js:108 WebSocket connection to 'wss://desolate-lowlands-74512.herokuapp.com/ws/chat/19/' failed: Error during WebSocket handshake: Unexpected response code: 404
这是我尝试发送消息时收到的错误消息：
WebSocket is already in CLOSING or CLOSED state.
代码如下： 这是我的 asgi.py 文件：
"""
ASGI config for DBSF project.
It exposes the ASGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/deployment/asgi/
"""
import os
from django.core.asgi import get_asgi_application
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter
from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
import social.routing
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'DBSF.settings')
application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
"http": get_asgi_application(),
"websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack(
URLRouter(
social.routing.websocket_urlpatterns
)
),
})
这里是routing.py
from django.urls import re_path
from . import consumers
websocket_urlpatterns = [
re_path(r'ws/chat/(?P<friendship_id>\w+)/$', consumers.ChatConsumer.as_asgi()),
]
这里是消费者.py
import json
from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer
from .models import Message, Friendship, User
import datetime
class ChatConsumer(WebsocketConsumer):
def connect(self):
self.room_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['friendship_id']
self.room_group_name = 'chat_%s' % self.room_name
# Join room group
async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_add)(
self.room_group_name,
self.channel_name
)
self.accept()
def disconnect(self, close_code):
# Leave room group
async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_discard)(
self.room_group_name,
self.channel_name
)
# Receive message from WebSocket
def receive(self, text_data):
text_data_json = json.loads(text_data)
message = text_data_json['message']
sender = text_data_json['sender']
receiver = text_data_json['receiver']
friendship_id = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['friendship_id']
message_to_save = Message(conversation=Friendship.objects.get(id=friendship_id), sender=User.objects.get(username=sender), receiver=User.objects.get(username=receiver), text=message, date_sent=datetime.datetime.now())
message_to_save.save()
# Send message to room group
async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_send)(
self.room_group_name,
{
'type': 'chat_message',
'message': message,
'sender': sender,
'receiver': receiver,
'id': message_to_save.id
}
)
# Receive message from room group
def chat_message(self, event):
message = event['message']
sender = event['sender']
receiver = event['receiver']
id = event['id']
# Send message to WebSocket
self.send(text_data=json.dumps({
'message': message,
'sender': sender,
'receiver': receiver,
'id': id,
}))
这里是 settings.py
"""
Django settings for DBSF project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.1.2.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/
"""
from pathlib import Path
import django_heroku
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv()
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.environ['SECRET_KEY']
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'social.User'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['desolate-lowlands-74512.herokuapp.com', 'localhost', '127.0.0.1']
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'channels',
'social',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'DBSF.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
REST_FRAMEWORK = {
# Use Django's standard `django.contrib.auth` permissions,
# or allow read-only access for unauthenticated users.
'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [
'rest_framework.permissions.DjangoModelPermissionsOrAnonReadOnly'
]
}
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'DBSF.wsgi.application'
ASGI_APPLICATION = 'DBSF.asgi.application'
CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
'default': {
'BACKEND': 'channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer',
'CONFIG': {
"hosts": [('127.0.0.1', 6379)],
},
},
}
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'EST'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/static-files/
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
MEDIA_ROOT= os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media/')
MEDIA_URL= "/media/"
这里是 wsgi.py
"""
WSGI config for DBSF project.
It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/deployment/wsgi/
"""
import os
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'DBSF.settings')
application = get_wsgi_application()
我假设一旦我从 ws 更改为 wss 消费者就无法连接。我认为这将是一个简单的修复，但我无法弄清楚我需要更改哪些代码。我怀疑它是 asgy.py 或 routing.py 中的东西
如果不清楚我在问什么或是否需要显示任何其他文件，请告诉我
【问题讨论】：
-
嗨法比安。我有同样的问题。你是怎么解决的？
-
嗨，保罗。这是答案stackoverflow.com/questions/65726281/…。长话短说：我必须将 heroku redis 添加为附加组件，然后获取创建附加组件后创建的 URI 值，并将该值放入 CHANNEL_LAYER/default/config/hosts 字典中。这可能有点令人困惑，我认为网络上对此没有很好的解释......祝你好运
标签： python django heroku websocket django-channels