创建自动 EBS 快照

Question

我希望在特定时间间隔（假设每周一次）设置自动EBS 快照，为此我做了谷歌，发现这个任务可以使用 shell 脚本完成，我在@987654322 找到了相同的@链接。

这是整个脚本，我正在使用：

    #!/bin/bash

# Volume list file will have volume-id:Volume-name format

VOLUMES_LIST = /var/log/volumes-list
SNAPSHOT_INFO = /var/log/snapshot_info
DATE = `date +%Y-%m-%d`
REGION = "ap-south-1a"

# Snapshots Retention Period for each volume snapshot
RETENTION=6

SNAP_CREATION = /var/log/snap_creation
SNAP_DELETION = /var/log/snap_deletion

EMAIL_LIST = shishupal.shakya@itsmysun.com

echo "List of Snapshots Creation Status" > $SNAP_CREATION
echo "List of Snapshots Deletion Status" > $SNAP_DELETION

# Check whether the volumes list file is available or not?

if [ -f $VOLUMES_LIST ]; then

# Creating Snapshot for each volume using for loop

for VOL_INFO in `cat $VOLUMES_LIST`
do
# Getting the Volume ID and Volume Name into the Separate Variables.

VOL_ID = `echo $VOL_INFO | awk -F":" '{print $1}'`
VOL_NAME = `echo $VOL_INFO | awk -F":" '{print $2}'`

# Creating the Snapshot of the Volumes with Proper Description.

DESCRIPTION = "${VOL_NAME}_${DATE}"

/usr/local/bin/aws ec2 create-snapshot --volume-id $VOL_ID --description "$DESCRIPTION" --region $REGION &>> $SNAP_CREATION
done
else
echo "Volumes list file is not available : $VOLUMES_LIST Exiting." | mail -s "Snapshots Creation Status" $EMAIL_LIST
exit 1
fi

echo >> $SNAP_CREATION
echo >> $SNAP_CREATION

# Deleting the Snapshots which are 10 days old.

for VOL_INFO in `cat $VOLUMES_LIST`
do

# Getting the Volume ID and Volume Name into the Separate Variables.

VOL_ID = `echo $VOL_INFO | awk -F":" '{print $1}'`
VOL_NAME = `echo $VOL_INFO | awk -F":" '{print $2}'`

# Getting the Snapshot details of each volume.

/usr/local/bin/aws ec2 describe-snapshots --query Snapshots[*].[SnapshotId,VolumeId,Description,StartTime] --output text --filters "Name=status,Values=completed" "Name=volume-id,Values=$VOL_ID" | grep -v "CreateImage" > $SNAPSHOT_INFO

# Snapshots Retention Period Checking and if it crosses delete them.

while read SNAP_INFO
do
SNAP_ID=`echo $SNAP_INFO | awk '{print $1}'`
echo $SNAP_ID
SNAP_DATE=`echo $SNAP_INFO | awk '{print $4}' | awk -F"T" '{print $1}'`
echo $SNAP_DATE

# Getting the no.of days difference between a snapshot and present day.

RETENTION_DIFF = `echo $(($(($(date -d "$DATE" "+%s") - $(date -d "$SNAP_DATE" "+%s"))) / 86400))`
echo $RETENTION_DIFF

# Deleting the Snapshots which are older than the Retention Period

if [ $RETENTION -lt $RETENTION_DIFF ];
then
/usr/local/bin/aws ec2 delete-snapshot --snapshot-id $SNAP_ID --region $REGION --output text> /tmp/snap_del
echo DELETING $SNAP_INFO >> $SNAP_DELETION
fi
done < $SNAPSHOT_INFO
done

echo >> $SNAP_DELETION

# Merging the Snap Creation and Deletion Data

cat $SNAP_CREATION $SNAP_DELETION > /var/log/mail_report

# Sending the mail Update

cat /var/log/mail_report | mail -s "Volume Snapshots Status" $EMAIL_LIST

但是当我在终端上运行它时，它会显示以下错误。

由于我是这类工作的新手，所以我在解决这个问题时有点不舒服。 请提出修复建议，我从最近几天开始就在这个问题上。

Answer 1

等号 (=) 周围不应有空格。

FOO = 1
-bash: FOO: command not found

正确的语法是：

FOO=1

浏览脚本并删除语句中为变量赋值的所有空格。

但是还有另一个错误“期望执行”——这让我认为脚本没有使用正确的 shell 运行。尝试使用 bash 显式运行它，而不是 'sh ec2.sh'：bash ec2.sh

Answer 2

通过 AWS 控制台会更容易。

在 cloudwatch 中创建一个新的事件规则。事件源是“预定的”。对于目标，您选择“EC2 Createsnapshot API call”。输入卷 ID（您可以在 ec2 实例控制台中找到它）。让 AWS 为这个特定资源创建一个新角色。

就是这样！