您好，我是加密算法的新手，对术语以及在哪种情况下选择什么感到有些困惑。目前我不需要最安全的算法，但它应该具有以下属性：
我在 Python 中使用了 Fernet 算法，但是密文总是不同的。因此不适合我的需要。有没有类似于 Fernet 但没有 Salt 的算法？
【问题讨论】：
标签： python encryption encryption-symmetric fernet
假设您正在使用 cryptography 模块（您应该这样做）：构建密钥并将其传递给 Fernet 构造函数，而不是使用 generate_key()。
查看此链接以获取精确示例：https://cryptography.io/en/latest/fernet/#using-passwords-with-fernet
另外，如果您还没有，请检查https://www.crypto101.io/。
【讨论】：
实际上，没有现成的算法可以“至少按照我所知道的”执行您所要求的操作。 但在过去，我用 Python 编写了一个带有真实服务器和真实客户端的 GUI 聊天室。 而且我编写了一个基本的加密/解密算法来传递加密的“类似消息”的数据。 如果你愿意，你可以使用它，因为我从未使用过我制作它只是为了好玩的服务器；）。
算法：
from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
CODES_KEY = b'LYsrKDiTRNJDm3g_h25GW0uyUzPTk8l8G02hcPM_d_U='
def encryption(msg):
'''
Encryption Func
'''
class RSA:
'''
RSA Encryption Func
'''
def __init__(self):
self.e = self.d = self.p = self.q = self.phi = 0
def __egcd(self, a, b):
if a == 0:
return (b, 0, 1)
g, y, x = self.__egcd(b % a, a)
return (g, x - (b // a) * y, y)
def __modinv(self, a, m):
g, x, _ = self.__egcd(a, m)
if g != 1:
raise Exception('modular inverse does not exist')
return x % m
def encrypt(self, m, key_pair=None):
'''
Encrypting Func
'''
if key_pair is None:
key_pair[0] = self.e
key_pair[1] = self.n
return pow(m, key_pair[0], key_pair[1])
def generate_keys(self, p, q, e=3):
'''
Generating Keys Func
'''
self.p = p
self.q = q
self.n = self.p * self.q
self.phi = (self.p - 1) * (self.q - 1)
self.e = e
self.d = self.__modinv(self.e, self.phi)
if self.phi % self.e == 0:
raise Exception('invalid values for p and q')
def get_public_key(self):
'''
Getting PublicKey Func
'''
return self.e, self.n
rsa = RSA()
# Two 1024-bit primes
rsa.generate_keys(17055899557196527525682810191339089909014331959812898993437334555169285087976951946809555356817674844913188193949144165887100694620944167618997411049745043243260854998720061941490491091205087788373487296637817044103762239946752241631032791287021875863785226376406279424552454153388492970310795447866569138481,
171994050316145327367864378293770397343246561147593187377005295591120640129800725892235968688434055779668692095961697434700708550594137135605048681344218643671046905252163983827396726536078773766353616572531688390937410451433665914394068509329532352022301339189851111636176939179510955519440490431177444857017)
int_message = []
for i in msg:
int_message.append(ord(i))
codes = []
for i in int_message:
codes.append(len(str(i)))
message = int(''.join([str(x) for x in int_message]))
# Encrypting
encrypted_message = rsa.encrypt(message, key_pair=rsa.get_public_key())
f = Fernet(CODES_KEY)
encrypted_codes = f.encrypt(str(codes).encode())
return encrypted_message, encrypted_codes
def decryption(msg, codes):
'''
Decryption Func
'''
class RSA:
'''
RSA Decryption Func
'''
def __init__(self):
self.e = self.d = self.p = self.q = self.phi = 0
def __egcd(self, a, b):
if a == 0:
return (b, a, 1)
g, y, x = self.__egcd(b % a, a)
return (g, x - (b // a) * y, y)
def __modinv(self, a, m):
g, x, _ = self.__egcd(a, m)
if g != 1:
raise Exception('modular inverse does not exist')
return x % m
def decrypt(self, c, key_pair=None):
'''
Decrypting Func
'''
if key_pair is None:
key_pair[0] = self.d
key_pair[1] = self.n
return pow(c, key_pair[0], key_pair[1])
def generate_keys(self, p, q, e=3):
'''
Generating Keys Func
'''
self.p = p
self.q = q
self.n = self.p * self.q
self.phi = (self.p - 1) * (self.q - 1)
self.e = e
self.d = self.__modinv(self.e, self.phi)
if self.phi % self.e == 0:
raise Exception('invalid values for p and q')
def get_private_key(self):
'''
Getting Private Key Func
'''
return self.d, self.n
rsa = RSA()
# Two 1024-bit primes
rsa.generate_keys(17055899557196527525682810191339089909014331959812898993437334555169285087976951946809555356817674844913188193949144165887100694620944167618997411049745043243260854998720061941490491091205087788373487296637817044103762239946752241631032791287021875863785226376406279424552454153388492970310795447866569138481,
171994050316145327367864378293770397343246561147593187377005295591120640129800725892235968688434055779668692095961697434700708550594137135605048681344218643671046905252163983827396726536078773766353616572531688390937410451433665914394068509329532352022301339189851111636176939179510955519440490431177444857017)
# Decrypting
f = Fernet(CODES_KEY)
# set_trace()
decrypted_message = str(rsa.decrypt(int(msg), key_pair=rsa.get_private_key()))
decrypted_codes = f.decrypt(codes).decode()
decrypted_message = list(decrypted_message)
original_codes = []
for i in decrypted_codes:
if i not in ['[', ']', ',', ' ']:
original_codes.append(int(i))
original_message = ""
for _, value in enumerate(original_codes):
handler = ""
for i in decrypted_message[:value]:
handler += i
original_message += chr(int(handler))
decrypted_message = decrypted_message[value:]
return original_message
def main():
message = "Hi, This is a secret message"
encrypted_message, encrypted_codes = encryption(message)
decrypted_message = decryption(encrypted_message, encrypted_codes)
print(decrypted_message)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
对不起，如果它是一团糟，但我才 17 岁兄弟 :) ！ 也许您可以对其进行更多优化我在刚接触python时写过这个。 你总是可以通过在 python 中运行来生成新的“CODES_KEY”：
from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
f = Fernet
print(f.generate_key())
编辑：我将其编写为 RSA，但随后更改了代码，这就是为什么它被命名为 RSA 但它不是 :)
【讨论】：