Excel VBA 的 YAML 解析器

Question

我有一些 YAML 文件，我需要使用 MS Excel 宏在 Excel 中填充这些数据。我能够阅读 YAML 文件并尝试逐行阅读并找到语义。但这个过程变得越来越复杂。我正在寻找替代解决方案。

是否有适用于 Excel VBA 的 YAML 解析器？如果是这样，你能推荐几个吗？我需要这个 Hash of Hash 格式的 YAML，以便我可以访问 Hash 格式的哈希中的 YAML 数据？

谢谢 吉文

Answer 1

我试图找到一个现成的解决方案，但没有找到。 我做了一些有用的东西。它不是纯 YAML 解释器，但可以解析 key:value 数据。

函数 VBA ParseYAML

Sub ParseYAML()
Dim myFile As String, text As String, textline As String
' open YAML file
myFile = Application.GetOpenFilename()
' verify if a file were open
If Not myFile = "Falsch" Then
    Open myFile For Input As #1
    Dim dataArray
    Dim c As Collection
    Set c = New Collection
    Line = 0
    Do Until EOF(1)
        Line Input #1, textline
        oneline = Replace(textline, " ", "")
        dataArray = Split(oneline, ":", 2)
        sizeArray = UBound(dataArray, 1) - LBound(dataArray, 1) + 1
        ' Verification Empty Lines and Split don't occur
        If Not textline = "" And Not sizeArray = 0 Then
            Data = dataArray(1)
            Key = dataArray(0)
            ' test if line don't start with -
            If InStr(1, Key, "-") = 0 Then
                c.Add Data, Key
            End If
            ' just for debug
            Line = Line + 1
            'text = text & textline
        End If
    Loop
    Close #1

    Range("D6").Value = c.Item("key1")
    Range("D7").Value = c.Item("key2")
    Range("C18").Value = c.Item("key3")
    Set c = Nothing
End If   
End Sub

YAML 文件示例

- 第 1 节：
键1：数据1
键2：数据2
- 第 2 节：
key3:data3

Answer 2

如果使用 cJObject.cls，我们可以将 yaml 文件转换为 cJObject。

https://medium.com/@sakai.memoru/convert-a-yaml-file-to-cjobject-in-vba-2fee22e85818

示例 YAML 文件

# YAML
martin:
    name: Martin Jobson
    job: Developer
    skills:
        - fortran
        - lisp
        - erlang

代码示例

Sub TestYaml2Json()
'''' *********************************************
''
Dim objYaml As O_YAML
Set objYaml = New O_YAML
''
Dim file_name As String
Let file_name = "input/yamlformat.yaml"
''
Dim jObj As cJobject
Set jObj = New cJobject
''
Set jObj = objYaml.YamlFileToJObject(file_name)
Console.info jObj.formatData
Console.info jObj.serialize
''
End Sub

即时窗口

{“martin”:{“name”:”Martin Jobson”,”job”:”Developer”,”skills”:[“fortran”,”lisp”,”erlang” ]}}

Answer 3

在cgasp 的answer 上扩展此函数类型处理嵌套并将 YAML 文件加载到数组中，此外它可以在 VBA、VBS、HTA 上下文中运行。

Public Function ParseYAMLtoArray(ByVal filePath) ' as array
' Version 1.0.4
' Dependencies: NONE
' Modified from this post: https://stackoverflow.com/a/40659701/1146659
' License: - CC BY-SA 4.0 - <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/>
' Contributors: cgasp <https://stackoverflow.com/users/1862421/cgasp>; Jeremy D. Gerdes <jeremy.gerdes@navy.mil>;
' Reference: https://yaml.org/refcard.html
' Usage Example: debug.print ParseYAMLtoArray(GetCurrentFileFolder() & "\" & "documentation" & "\" & "exampleNested.yaml")(1,3)
' Notes: Using late binding to run for all vb engines
' -------------------------------
' Known ParserIssues:
'   - Niave: This is not spec conforming, just usefull enough, use another parser if you need more features.
'     See spec at: http://yaml.org/spec/1.2/spec.html
'   - A block scalar indicator should include all subsequent rows that have the same white space intentation past the current line
'     this parser fails to do this if any of those following row contains a ":"
'   - YAML denotes nesting via indent delimitation (white space), this parser attempts to record nested "{level=n}" in the data
'     column for each empty Category, and ignores all other nesting.
'   -This parser ignores all cast data types like "!!float " whatever is accepting the results of this Public Function will
'     have to handle any type casting in the YAML document.

Const ForReading = 1
Dim arryReturn() ' As variant
Dim text ' As String
Dim textline ' As String
Dim objFSO 'As Scripting.FileSystemObject
Dim objFile 'As Scripting.TextStream
Dim intLastLineWhiteSpace 'As Integer
Dim dataArray 'As Variant
Dim sizeArray 'As Long
Dim oneline 'As String
Dim Data 'As Variant
Dim Key 'As Variant
Dim intRow 'as integer
Dim intColumn 'as integer
Dim intNestingLevel 'As Integer
Dim intLastNestingSpaces 'As Integer
Dim intCurrentNestingSpaces 'As Integer
Dim intThisLineWhiteSpace
Dim fIsNestedHeader
    Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
    ' verify if file exists
    If objFSO.FileExists(filePath) Then
        Set objFile = objFSO.GetFile(filePath).OpenAsTextStream(ForReading)
        'Open FilePath For Input As #1
        intRow = 0
        intNestingLevel = 1
        Do Until objFile.AtEndOfStream
            intThisLineWhiteSpace = Len(textline) - Len(LTrim(textline))
            textline = objFile.ReadLine
            oneline = Trim(textline) 'remove leading/trailing spaces
            ' test if line doesn't start with --- or #
            If Left(oneline, 3) <> "---" And Left(oneline, 1) <> "#" Then
                dataArray = Split(oneline, ":", 2)
                sizeArray = UBound(dataArray, 1) - LBound(dataArray, 1) + 1
                ' Verification Empty Lines and Split don't occur
                If Not Len(oneline) = 0 And Not sizeArray = 0 Then
                    fIsNestedHeader = False
                    If sizeArray = 1 And intThisLineWhiteSpace > intLastLineWhiteSpace Then  ' HEADER
                        fIsNestedHeader = True
                    ElseIf sizeArray = 2 Then  ' HEADER: <NULL>
                        fIsNestedHeader = Len(Trim(dataArray(0))) <> 0 And Len(Trim(dataArray(1))) = 0
                    End If
                    If sizeArray = 1 And intThisLineWhiteSpace >= intLastLineWhiteSpace And Len(Trim(dataArray(0))) > 0 Then ' semicolins in a block breaks this parser
                        'assume we are continuing the data from previous line
                        intRow = intRow - 1 ' use previous row in the array
                        Data = Trim(dataArray(0))
                        'remove leading block annotation | or >
                        If arryReturn(1, intRow) = "|" Or arryReturn(1, intRow) = ">" Then
                            If Len(arryReturn(1, intRow)) = 1 Then
                                arryReturn(1, intRow) = vbNullString
                            Else
                                arryReturn(1, intRow) = Right(arryReturn(1, intRow), Len(arryReturn(1, intRow) - 1))
                            End If
                        End If
                        arryReturn(1, intRow) = arryReturn(1, intRow) & vbCrLf & Data
                    ElseIf fIsNestedHeader Then
                        'Category/Header
                        Key = Trim(dataArray(0))
                        ReDim Preserve arryReturn(1, intRow)
                        arryReturn(0, intRow) = Key
                        ' calculate nesting level - just kind of works,
                        ' doesn't really map to what's in the YAML as nesting back up is actually dependent on the number of spaces not previous nesting...
                        intCurrentNestingSpaces = intThisLineWhiteSpace
                        If intThisLineWhiteSpace = 0 Then
                            'We are back at level 1
                            intNestingLevel = 1
                        Else
                            If intCurrentNestingSpaces > intLastNestingSpaces Then
                                intNestingLevel = intNestingLevel + 1
                            ElseIf intCurrentNestingSpaces < intLastNestingSpaces Then
                                intNestingLevel = intNestingLevel - 1
                            'Else 'should be equal so intNestingLevel, stays the same
                                'intCurrentNestingSpaces = intLastNestingSpaces
                            End If
                        End If
                        arryReturn(1, intRow) = "{level=" & intNestingLevel & "}"
                        intLastNestingSpaces = intThisLineWhiteSpace
                    Else
                        Data = Trim(dataArray(1))
                        Key = Trim(dataArray(0))
                        ReDim Preserve arryReturn(1, intRow)
                        arryReturn(0, intRow) = Key
                        arryReturn(1, intRow) = Data
                    End If
                    intRow = intRow + 1
                End If
            End If
            intLastLineWhiteSpace = Len(textline) - Len(LTrim(textline))
        Loop
        objFile.Close
        Dim arryReturnTemp
        'Must build array in Array(column,row) format to be able to append rows in VBScript, now transform to the standard Array(row,column) format
        If TransposeArray(arryReturn, arryReturnTemp) Then
            ParseYAMLtoArray = arryReturnTemp
        Else
            Err.Raise vbObjectError + 667, "ParseYAML", "Failed to Transform array"
        End If
    Else
        Err.Raise vbObjectError + 666, "ParseYAML", "Config file not found"
    End If
End Function

Public Function TransposeArray(ByRef InputArr, ByRef OutputArr) 'As Variant, ByRef OutputArr As Variant) As Boolean
    ' Version 1.0.0
    ' Dependencies: NONE
    ' Note: The following Public Function has been modified by jeremy.gerdes@navy.mil to conform to VBScipt from:
    '   http://www.cpearson.com/excel/vbaarrays.htm
    ' License: Charles H. Pearson. All of the formulas and VBA code are explicitly granted to the Public Domain. You may use the formulas and VBA code on this site for any purpose you see fit without permission from me. This includes inclusion in commercial works and works for hire. By using the formula and code on this site, you agree to hold Charles H. Pearson and Pearson Software Consulting, LLC, free of any liability. The formulas and code are presented as is and the author makes no warranty, express or implied, of their fitness for use. You assume all responsibility for testing and ensuring that the code works properly in your environment

    '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    ' TransposeArray
    ' This transposes a two-dimensional array. It returns True if successful or
    ' False if an error occurs. InputArr must be two-dimensions. OutputArr must be
    ' a dynamic array. It will be Erased and resized, so any existing content will
    ' be destroyed.
    '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

    Dim RowNdx ' As Long
    Dim ColNdx ' As Long
    Dim LB1  ' As Long
    Dim LB2 ' As Long
    Dim UB1 ' As Long
    Dim UB2 ' As Long

    '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    ' Ensure InputArr is an array
    '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    If (IsArray(InputArr) = False) Then
        TransposeArray = False
        Exit Function
    End If

    '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    ' Get the Lower and Upper bounds of
    ' InputArr.
    '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    LB1 = LBound(InputArr, 1)
    LB2 = LBound(InputArr, 2)
    UB1 = UBound(InputArr, 1)
    UB2 = UBound(InputArr, 2)

    '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    ' Erase and ReDim OutputArr
    '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
    On Error Resume Next
    'If it's an array empty it, if not then it's empty
    Erase OutputArr
    On Error GoTo 0
    'In VBS we can't ReDim Array(LowBound To HighBound) all arrays must conform to Lbound = 0
    If LB1 <> 0 Or LB2 <> 0 Then
        TransposeArray = False
        Exit Function
    End If


    ReDim OutputArr(UB2, UB1)

    For RowNdx = LBound(InputArr, 2) To UBound(InputArr, 2)
        For ColNdx = LBound(InputArr, 1) To UBound(InputArr, 1)
            OutputArr(RowNdx, ColNdx) = InputArr(ColNdx, RowNdx)
        Next ' ColNdx
    Next ' RowNdx

    TransposeArray = True

End Function

YAML 将更好地解析为字典或集合而不是数组，上述解决方案是为在脚本中运行而创建的，但仍可在 Excel 中运行。

示例

要在 excel 中使用此函数，我们可以将数组直接映射到范围值，如下所示：

Public Sub ToolTestImportYaml(strYamlFilePath As String, rngDestination As Range)
Dim arryYaml As Variant
Dim rngDestinationReturn As Range
    arryYaml = ParseYAMLtoArray(strYamlFilePath)
    rngDestination.Worksheet.Activate
    rngDestination.Activate
    Set rngDestinationReturn = rngDestination.Worksheet.Range( _
        rngDestination.Address, _
        rngDestination.Offset( _
            UBound(arryYaml, 1) - LBound(arryYaml, 1), _
            UBound(arryYaml, 2) - LBound(arryYaml, 2) _
        ).Address _
    )
    'Assign the values to the destination range
    rngDestinationReturn.Value = arryYaml
End Sub

然后调用：

ToolTestImportYaml ThisWorkbook.path & "\" & "exampleNested.yaml", ActiveSheet.Range("a1")