Docker 无法解析 Google Cloud Compute 上的 DNS

【问题标题】：Docker can't resolve DNS on Google Cloud ComputeDocker 无法解析 Google Cloud Compute 上的 DNS
【发布时间】：2019-09-26 15:31:01
【问题描述】：

我已经在 GCP Compute 机器上设置了 Docker 18.09.4。我使用的步骤来自Docker官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu/（我使用的步骤可以选择安装特定版本的Docker）。

我想控制守护进程，所以我修改了 /etc/docker/daemon.json 有以下内容：

{
    "debug": true,
    "dns": ["8.8.8.8", "8.8.4.4" ],
    "iptables": false
}

现在，我尝试了以下命令：

  1. docker run busybox nslookup google.com
  2. docker run --dns 8.8.8.8 busybox nslookup google.com

他们都给了我错误：

;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached

然后我尝试使用以下命令启动一个新的 nginx 容器：

docker run --name nginx -d nginx

之后我连接到它：

docker exec -ti nginx /bin/sh

在容器内，我执行了以下命令，但出现了错误：

apt-get update
Err:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian buster InRelease                  
  Temporary failure resolving 'deb.debian.org'

来自journalctl -fu docker的日志

1. docker run busybox nslookup google.com

Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.731158687Z" level=debug msg="Calling GET /_ping"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.732917319Z" level=debug msg="Calling POST /v1.39/containers/create"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.733295607Z" level=debug msg="form data: {\"AttachStderr\":true,\"AttachStdin\":false,\"AttachStdout\":true,\"Cmd\":[\"nslookup\",\"google.com\"],\"Domainname\":\"\",\"Entrypoint\":null,\"Env\":[],\"HostConfig\":{\"AutoRemove\":false,\"Binds\":null,\"BlkioDeviceReadBps\":null,\"BlkioDeviceReadIOps\":null,\"BlkioDeviceWriteBps\":null,\"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps\":null,\"BlkioWeight\":0,\"BlkioWeightDevice\":[],\"CapAdd\":null,\"CapDrop\":null,\"Cgroup\":\"\",\"CgroupParent\":\"\",\"ConsoleSize\":[0,0],\"ContainerIDFile\":\"\",\"CpuCount\":0,\"CpuPercent\":0,\"CpuPeriod\":0,\"CpuQuota\":0,\"CpuRealtimePeriod\":0,\"CpuRealtimeRuntime\":0,\"CpuShares\":0,\"CpusetCpus\":\"\",\"CpusetMems\":\"\",\"DeviceCgroupRules\":null,\"Devices\":[],\"DiskQuota\":0,\"Dns\":[],\"DnsOptions\":[],\"DnsSearch\":[],\"ExtraHosts\":null,\"GroupAdd\":null,\"IOMaximumBandwidth\":0,\"IOMaximumIOps\":0,\"IpcMode\":\"\",\"Isolation\":\"\",\"KernelMemory\":0,\"Links\":null,\"LogConfig\":{\"Config\":{},\"Type\":\"\"},\"MaskedPaths\":null,\"Memory\":0,\"MemoryReservation\":0,\"MemorySwap\":0,\"MemorySwappiness\":-1,\"NanoCpus\":0,\"NetworkMode\":\"default\",\"OomKillDisable\":false,\"OomScoreAdj\":0,\"PidMode\":\"\",\"PidsLimit\":0,\"PortBindings\":{},\"Privileged\":false,\"PublishAllPorts\":false,\"ReadonlyPaths\":null,\"ReadonlyRootfs\":false,\"RestartPolicy\":{\"MaximumRetryCount\":0,\"Name\":\"no\"},\"SecurityOpt\":null,\"ShmSize\":0,\"UTSMode\":\"\",\"Ulimits\":null,\"UsernsMode\":\"\",\"VolumeDriver\":\"\",\"VolumesFrom\":null},\"Hostname\":\"\",\"Image\":\"busybox\",\"Labels\":{},\"NetworkingConfig\":{\"EndpointsConfig\":{}},\"OnBuild\":null,\"OpenStdin\":false,\"StdinOnce\":false,\"Tty\":false,\"User\":\"\",\"Volumes\":{},\"WorkingDir\":\"\"}"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.798613784Z" level=debug msg="container mounted via layerStore: &{/var/lib/docker/overlay2/80485548dfcf34d534f6299414f5cf425af75eec3248c438a34902e6989e154b/merged 0x557e6de7b4a0 0x557e6de7b4a0}"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.839092703Z" level=debug msg="Calling POST /v1.39/containers/9a648ee0a53651276dd1ade67d8571ab2d9a0e050bceffcb1f65fd477b767151/attach?stderr=1&stdout=1&stream=1"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.839340015Z" level=debug msg="attach: stderr: begin"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.839353672Z" level=debug msg="attach: stdout: begin"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.839814620Z" level=debug msg="Calling POST /v1.39/containers/9a648ee0a53651276dd1ade67d8571ab2d9a0e050bceffcb1f65fd477b767151/wait?condition=next-exit"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.842434668Z" level=debug msg="Calling POST /v1.39/containers/9a648ee0a53651276dd1ade67d8571ab2d9a0e050bceffcb1f65fd477b767151/start"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.843777399Z" level=debug msg="container mounted via layerStore: &{/var/lib/docker/overlay2/80485548dfcf34d534f6299414f5cf425af75eec3248c438a34902e6989e154b/merged 0x557e6de7b4a0 0x557e6de7b4a0}"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.844336549Z" level=debug msg="Assigning addresses for endpoint stoic_saha's interface on network bridge"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.844563290Z" level=debug msg="RequestAddress(LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, <nil>, map[])"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.844618426Z" level=debug msg="Request address PoolID:172.17.0.0/16 App: ipam/default/data, ID: LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, DBIndex: 0x0, Bits: 65536, Unselected: 65532, Sequence: (0xe0000000, 1)->(0x0, 2046)->(0x1, 1)->end Curr:3 Serial:false PrefAddress:<nil> "
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.865286605Z" level=debug msg="Assigning addresses for endpoint stoic_saha's interface on network bridge"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.871127111Z" level=debug msg="Programming external connectivity on endpoint stoic_saha (74ce5214f6718a6acf89fa4e51049ded4afee75fbc8201fceed460a71a60cbfa)"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.872870334Z" level=debug msg="EnableService 9a648ee0a53651276dd1ade67d8571ab2d9a0e050bceffcb1f65fd477b767151 START"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.872898104Z" level=debug msg="EnableService 9a648ee0a53651276dd1ade67d8571ab2d9a0e050bceffcb1f65fd477b767151 DONE"
Sep 30 13:42:36 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:36.877297601Z" level=debug msg="bundle dir created" bundle=/var/run/docker/containerd/9a648ee0a53651276dd1ade67d8571ab2d9a0e050bceffcb1f65fd477b767151 module=libcontainerd namespace=moby root=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/80485548dfcf34d534f6299414f5cf425af75eec3248c438a34902e6989e154b/merged
Sep 30 13:42:37 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:37.200006747Z" level=debug msg="sandbox set key processing took 132.698845ms for container 9a648ee0a53651276dd1ade67d8571ab2d9a0e050bceffcb1f65fd477b767151"
Sep 30 13:42:37 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:37.557948653Z" level=debug msg=event module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/create
Sep 30 13:42:37 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:37.603537357Z" level=debug msg=event module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/start
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.697939023Z" level=debug msg=event module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/exit
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.754722408Z" level=debug msg="attach: stdout: end"
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.754721080Z" level=debug msg=event module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/delete
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.754788145Z" level=info msg="ignoring event" module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/delete type="*events.TaskDelete"
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.754744392Z" level=debug msg="attach: stderr: end"
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.754822522Z" level=debug msg="attach done"
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.755246346Z" level=debug msg="Revoking external connectivity on endpoint stoic_saha (74ce5214f6718a6acf89fa4e51049ded4afee75fbc8201fceed460a71a60cbfa)"
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.756329538Z" level=debug msg="DeleteConntrackEntries purged ipv4:0, ipv6:0"
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.858389201Z" level=debug msg="Releasing addresses for endpoint stoic_saha's interface on network bridge"
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.858447908Z" level=debug msg="ReleaseAddress(LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, 172.17.0.3)"
Sep 30 13:42:47 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:42:47.858487071Z" level=debug msg="Released address PoolID:LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, Address:172.17.0.3 Sequence:App: ipam/default/data, ID: LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, DBIndex: 0x0, Bits: 65536, Unselected: 65531, Sequence: (0xf0000000, 1)->(0x0, 2046)->(0x1, 1)->end Curr:4"

2。 docker run --dns 8.8.8.8 busybox nslookup google.com

Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.687551598Z" level=debug msg="Calling GET /_ping"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.689067144Z" level=debug msg="Calling POST /v1.39/containers/create"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.689449247Z" level=debug msg="form data: {\"AttachStderr\":true,\"AttachStdin\":false,\"AttachStdout\":true,\"Cmd\":[\"nslookup\",\"google.com\"],\"Domainname\":\"\",\"Entrypoint\":null,\"Env\":[],\"HostConfig\":{\"AutoRemove\":false,\"Binds\":null,\"BlkioDeviceReadBps\":null,\"BlkioDeviceReadIOps\":null,\"BlkioDeviceWriteBps\":null,\"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps\":null,\"BlkioWeight\":0,\"BlkioWeightDevice\":[],\"CapAdd\":null,\"CapDrop\":null,\"Cgroup\":\"\",\"CgroupParent\":\"\",\"ConsoleSize\":[0,0],\"ContainerIDFile\":\"\",\"CpuCount\":0,\"CpuPercent\":0,\"CpuPeriod\":0,\"CpuQuota\":0,\"CpuRealtimePeriod\":0,\"CpuRealtimeRuntime\":0,\"CpuShares\":0,\"CpusetCpus\":\"\",\"CpusetMems\":\"\",\"DeviceCgroupRules\":null,\"Devices\":[],\"DiskQuota\":0,\"Dns\":[\"8.8.8.8\"],\"DnsOptions\":[],\"DnsSearch\":[],\"ExtraHosts\":null,\"GroupAdd\":null,\"IOMaximumBandwidth\":0,\"IOMaximumIOps\":0,\"IpcMode\":\"\",\"Isolation\":\"\",\"KernelMemory\":0,\"Links\":null,\"LogConfig\":{\"Config\":{},\"Type\":\"\"},\"MaskedPaths\":null,\"Memory\":0,\"MemoryReservation\":0,\"MemorySwap\":0,\"MemorySwappiness\":-1,\"NanoCpus\":0,\"NetworkMode\":\"default\",\"OomKillDisable\":false,\"OomScoreAdj\":0,\"PidMode\":\"\",\"PidsLimit\":0,\"PortBindings\":{},\"Privileged\":false,\"PublishAllPorts\":false,\"ReadonlyPaths\":null,\"ReadonlyRootfs\":false,\"RestartPolicy\":{\"MaximumRetryCount\":0,\"Name\":\"no\"},\"SecurityOpt\":null,\"ShmSize\":0,\"UTSMode\":\"\",\"Ulimits\":null,\"UsernsMode\":\"\",\"VolumeDriver\":\"\",\"VolumesFrom\":null},\"Hostname\":\"\",\"Image\":\"busybox\",\"Labels\":{},\"NetworkingConfig\":{\"EndpointsConfig\":{}},\"OnBuild\":null,\"OpenStdin\":false,\"StdinOnce\":false,\"Tty\":false,\"User\":\"\",\"Volumes\":{},\"WorkingDir\":\"\"}"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.753539217Z" level=debug msg="container mounted via layerStore: &{/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7733a25fd22c0c446c3efc0d4a42c2b57a1b596777809070d85f0162aae28272/merged 0x557e6de7b4a0 0x557e6de7b4a0}"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.787264168Z" level=debug msg="Calling POST /v1.39/containers/02a8e8580e8b9c7a37af93a19195fb5e8725c545bae0e9d384119bf0811a4e32/attach?stderr=1&stdout=1&stream=1"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.787568195Z" level=debug msg="attach: stderr: begin"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.787571115Z" level=debug msg="attach: stdout: begin"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.788642046Z" level=debug msg="Calling POST /v1.39/containers/02a8e8580e8b9c7a37af93a19195fb5e8725c545bae0e9d384119bf0811a4e32/wait?condition=next-exit"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.790059040Z" level=debug msg="Calling POST /v1.39/containers/02a8e8580e8b9c7a37af93a19195fb5e8725c545bae0e9d384119bf0811a4e32/start"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.791398955Z" level=debug msg="container mounted via layerStore: &{/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7733a25fd22c0c446c3efc0d4a42c2b57a1b596777809070d85f0162aae28272/merged 0x557e6de7b4a0 0x557e6de7b4a0}"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.791909253Z" level=debug msg="Assigning addresses for endpoint wizardly_mirzakhani's interface on network bridge"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.791990693Z" level=debug msg="RequestAddress(LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, <nil>, map[])"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.792044255Z" level=debug msg="Request address PoolID:172.17.0.0/16 App: ipam/default/data, ID: LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, DBIndex: 0x0, Bits: 65536, Unselected: 65532, Sequence: (0xe0000000, 1)->(0x0, 2046)->(0x1, 1)->end Curr:4 Serial:false PrefAddress:<nil> "
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.802706733Z" level=debug msg="Assigning addresses for endpoint wizardly_mirzakhani's interface on network bridge"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.809600746Z" level=debug msg="Programming external connectivity on endpoint wizardly_mirzakhani (a2cbcc3a67d08696c136487ba80e40c688bd62ad99f6dffaba3a24fe050f835d)"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.811874045Z" level=debug msg="EnableService 02a8e8580e8b9c7a37af93a19195fb5e8725c545bae0e9d384119bf0811a4e32 START"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.811913727Z" level=debug msg="EnableService 02a8e8580e8b9c7a37af93a19195fb5e8725c545bae0e9d384119bf0811a4e32 DONE"
Sep 30 13:46:52 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:52.818043209Z" level=debug msg="bundle dir created" bundle=/var/run/docker/containerd/02a8e8580e8b9c7a37af93a19195fb5e8725c545bae0e9d384119bf0811a4e32 module=libcontainerd namespace=moby root=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7733a25fd22c0c446c3efc0d4a42c2b57a1b596777809070d85f0162aae28272/merged
Sep 30 13:46:53 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:53.071556709Z" level=debug msg="sandbox set key processing took 102.179237ms for container 02a8e8580e8b9c7a37af93a19195fb5e8725c545bae0e9d384119bf0811a4e32"
Sep 30 13:46:53 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:53.436036670Z" level=debug msg=event module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/create
Sep 30 13:46:53 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:53.482103873Z" level=debug msg=event module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/start
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.564159088Z" level=debug msg=event module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/exit
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.619382304Z" level=debug msg=event module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/delete
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.619428265Z" level=debug msg="attach: stdout: end"
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.619432344Z" level=info msg="ignoring event" module=libcontainerd namespace=moby topic=/tasks/delete type="*events.TaskDelete"
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.619436885Z" level=debug msg="attach: stderr: end"
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.619478361Z" level=debug msg="attach done"
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.620136579Z" level=debug msg="Revoking external connectivity on endpoint wizardly_mirzakhani (a2cbcc3a67d08696c136487ba80e40c688bd62ad99f6dffaba3a24fe050f835d)"
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.621288893Z" level=debug msg="DeleteConntrackEntries purged ipv4:0, ipv6:0"
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.714409171Z" level=debug msg="Releasing addresses for endpoint wizardly_mirzakhani's interface on network bridge"
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.714475035Z" level=debug msg="ReleaseAddress(LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, 172.17.0.3)"
Sep 30 13:46:58 my-host dockerd[31794]: time="2019-09-30T13:46:58.714525792Z" level=debug msg="Released address PoolID:LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, Address:172.17.0.3 Sequence:App: ipam/default/data, ID: LocalDefault/172.17.0.0/16, DBIndex: 0x0, Bits: 65536, Unselected: 65531, Sequence: (0xf0000000, 1)->(0x0, 2046)->(0x1, 1)->end Curr:4"

有什么问题？

【问题讨论】：

  • 您是手动安装和设置 Docker 还是使用 Google 容器操作系统之一？
  • @JohnHanley 我手动安装了 Docker。我不熟悉 Google 容器操作系统。
  • 编辑您的问题，详细说明您如何安装和配置 Docker。包括显示 Docker 和 Docker 网络错误的日志。
  • @JohnHanley 给你。我已经使用我使用的步骤和来自 Docker 服务的日志编辑了我的问题

标签： docker google-cloud-platform


【解决方案1】：

我在 GCP 上使用 Ubuntu 18.04 复制了您的问题，看到您遵循的 Docker 文档基于 Ubuntu 并且可以使其正常工作：

在 GCP 上安装实例

  • 在 GCP Console 中，我创建了一个带有映像“Ubuntu 18.04”的实例。您可以在“引导磁盘”类别下指定图像。默认情况下，选择的映像将是 Debian 9，请务必更改它。您可以将所有其他设置保留为默认设置。
  • 创建实例并通过 SSH 连接到实例。

Ubuntu 18.04 上的 Docker 安装

  1. 现在在安装 Docker 时，我遵循了您提供的相同文档： https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/ubuntu
  2. 设置存储库。确保安装指南中指示的所有必要软件包。您可以验证它们是否都已安装：
    $ dpkg -l apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common
  1. 如前所述添加 Docker 的官方 GPG。
    $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
  1. 不要忘记添加存储库：
    sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
  1. 现在安装版本 5:18.09.4：
    $ sudo apt-get update
    $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce=5:18.09.4~3-0~ubuntu-bionic docker-ce-cli=5:18.09.4~3-0~ubuntu-bionic containerd.io
  1. 验证它是否有效：
    $ sudo docker run hello-world

使用 Busybox 在 Docker 内解析 DNS

  1. 我尝试复制您的相同错误，但收到“No answer”错误：
    $ sudo docker run --dns 8.8.8.8 busybox nslookup google.com
    Server:         8.8.8.8
    Address:        8.8.8.8:53

    Non-authoritative answer:
    Name:   google.com
    Address: 216.58.206.14

    *** Can't find google.com: No answer
  1. 键入“busybox”会使用最新版本的可用图像。相反，我尝试了不同的版本，效果很好：
    $ sudo docker run busybox:glibc nslookup google.com
    Server:         169.254.169.254
    Address:        169.254.169.254:53

    Non-authoritative answer:
    Name:   google.com
    Address: 216.58.208.46

    Non-authoritative answer:
    Name:   google.com
    Address: 2a00:1450:4001:81d::200e

    $ sudo docker run --dns 8.8.8.8 busybox:glibc nslookup google.com
    Server:         8.8.8.8
    Address:        8.8.8.8:53

    Non-authoritative answer:
    Name:   google.com
    Address: 172.217.16.174

    Non-authoritative answer:
    Name:   google.com
    Address: 2a00:1450:4001:821::200e
  1. 所以我认为我们可以确认这是图像版本的问题。您可以在以下链接中找到有关该图像的更多信息： https://hub.docker.com/_/busybox?tab=description

希望这能解决您的一些疑问。

亲切的问候，

【讨论】：

  • 感谢您尝试这些步骤。但是，目的是找出网络是否有问题，不一定要使busybox图像工作。我想将 VM 用作 Docker Swarm 设置中的节点，这是调试它的一个步骤。作为信息，我已经尝试将 VM 添加到 Docker Swarm（已正确添加），但每当我尝试运行任何服务时，都会遇到上述问题。我提到所有端口都按照此处所述打开：docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/swarm-tutorial/…
  • @angheladrian 按照 Ubuntu 的 docker 安装指南，我可以毫无问题地运行您的所有命令。我什至可以在 nginx 中执行“apt-get update”。您能否详细说明您要完成的工作以及遇到的问题？如果可能的话，还要更新他们的主要问题。谢谢！
  • @angheladrian 忘了问这个问题是否也在busybox/nginx容器之外发生。网络是否在实例上正常工作？
  • 是的。网络在实例/节点上正常工作。
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