Spring - 单元测试 - TransactionRequiredException答案

【问题标题】：Spring - unit tests - TransactionRequiredExceptionSpring - 单元测试 - TransactionRequiredException
【发布时间】：2011-02-15 23:15:51
【问题描述】：

我尝试使用 Spring 进行单元测试并成功执行测试，但我的控制台显示：

1903 [Thread-3] DEBUG org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Retrieved dependent beans for bean 'userDAO': [com.bontade.tests.unit.models.UserDAOTest]
1903 [Thread-3] DEBUG org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Retrieved dependent beans for bean 'userDAO': [com.bontade.tests.unit.models.UserDAOTest]
1904 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'userDAO' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1904 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'userDAO' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1908 [Thread-2] DEBUG org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  - drop table USERS if exists
1908 [Thread-2] DEBUG org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  - drop table USERS if exists
1910 [Thread-2] DEBUG org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  - drop table USER_CAR if exists
1910 [Thread-2] DEBUG org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  - drop table USER_CAR if exists
1910 [Thread-2] INFO org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  - schema export complete
1910 [Thread-2] INFO org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport  - schema export complete
1911 [Thread-3] DEBUG org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Retrieved dependent beans for bean 'org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate#831fb31': [userDAO]
1911 [Thread-3] DEBUG org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Retrieved dependent beans for bean 'org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate#831fb31': [userDAO]
1912 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate#831fb31' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:499)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1912 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate#831fb31' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:499)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1919 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'transactionManager' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1919 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'transactionManager' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1921 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'sessionFactory' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1921 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'sessionFactory' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1923 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'dataSource' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
1923 [Thread-3] ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy method on bean with name 'dataSource' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeDestruction(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:339)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DisposableBeanAdapter.destroy(DisposableBeanAdapter.java:140)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroyBean(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:487)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:462)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.destroySingletons(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:430)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.destroyBeans(AbstractApplicationContext.java:853)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.doClose(AbstractApplicationContext.java:831)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext$1.run(AbstractApplicationContext.java:764)
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.1.1:war (default-war) @ CarRentalMaven2XSLTJSPTiles2Tomcat --

我应该如何解决 dataSource bean 的问题？

ERROR org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory  - Destroy    method on bean with name 'dataSource' threw an exception
java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or    abstract in class file javax/persistence/TransactionRequiredException

我的配置 bean：

<bean id="dataSource"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="mappingResources">
        <list>
            <value>hibernate/mappings/User.hbm.xml</value>
            <value>hibernate/mappings/Car.hbm.xml</value>
            <value>hibernate/mappings/Rental.hbm.xml</value>
        </list>
    </property>
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect"> org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create-drop</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.useUnicode">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.characterEncoding">UTF8</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

测试事务方法：

@Test
@Transactional
public void testSaveUser() {
    System.out.println("saveUser");
    final String name = "xxx",
                 password = "xxx";
    User userTest = new User();
    userTest.setId(null);
    userTest.setName(name);
    userTest.setSurname("xxx");
    userTest.setPassword(password);
    userTest.setGender("xxx");
    userDAO.saveUser(userTest);
    User userFromDB = userDAO.getAllUsersByName(name).get(0);
    boolean isCorrectPassword = (userFromDB.getPassword()).equals(password);
    assertNotNull("should be not null", userFromDB);
    assertTrue("wrong password", isCorrectPassword);
}

更新

<dependency>
        <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
        <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
        <version>3.4.0.GA</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>ejb3-persistence</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.2.Beta1</version>
    </dependency>

【问题讨论】：

标签： hibernate spring junit

【解决方案1】：

我遇到了同样的问题，我发现是因为在我的 pom.xml 中，我的 Java EE jar 是由提供的

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax</groupId>
    <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
    <version>6.0</version>
    <type>jar</type>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

然后我删除了上面的内容并将我的 Java EE 依赖项更改为 Spring Roo 默认生成的依赖项，它解决了我的问题：

    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
        <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.2</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
        <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0.GA</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
        <artifactId>jta</artifactId>
        <version>1.1</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
        <artifactId>el-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.0</version>
        <type>jar</type>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

此问题与您的代码无关。看起来你的类路径中有 JPA 库，因此 Spring 激活了它的 JPA 支持 (PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor)，但是这些库在某种程度上被损坏了，所以你在尝试访问它们时会得到 java.lang.ClassFormatError。

尝试在你的类路径中找到 JPA 库并将它们替换为新的。

【讨论】：

但我想我使用的是最新版本的 JPA 库。我在更新中粘贴了部分依赖项