使用 WITH 查询使用 INSERT INTO ON CONFLICT 的问题

Question

我正在将查询从 Oracle 数据库更改为 PostgreSQL，在此查询中我收到此错误：

 ERROR: syntax error at or near "ON"

查询是：

WITH d as (
      SELECT ? AS summary, ? AS eventTime), ai as (select * from alarm)
ON (ai.fault_id=? AND ai.external_key=?)
INSERT INTO alarm AS ai(
     alarm_id,
     fault_id,
     external_key)
VALUES (nextval('seq_alrm_instnc_alrm_instnc_id'),?,?)
ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE SET
        (${buildUpdateAttributes(attributes)}
        ai.summary = d.summary,
        ai.system_last_update_time = default,
        ai.event_sequence_number =
          CASE
            WHEN (d.event_number > ai.event_number) THEN d.event_number
            ELSE ai.event_number
          END)

我使用JDBC连接数据库，这里是调用代码

try (PreparedStatement ps = super.prepareStatement_(sql_query)) {
    PreparedStatementHelper psh = new PreparedStatementHelper(ps);
    psh.add(attribute1);
    ...
    ps.execute()

我尝试了不同的方法并仔细查看了 Postgres 文档，但找不到问题所在，也没有找到针对这种特定情况的任何答案

Answer 1

我真的不明白你想在那里做什么，你以错误的方式混合了这么多语法元素，真的很难理解。

这两个 CTE (WITH ...) 似乎完全不相关。如果您只想提供一些值并在违反 UNIQUE 键时进行更新，则基本语法是：

insert into the_table (col_1, col_2, col_3, col_4)
values (1,2,3,4)
on conflict (col_1,col_2) do update 
  set col_3 = excluded.col_3,
      col_4 = excluded.col_4;

特殊关键字excluded 用于引用导致违反唯一约束的行的VALUES 子句中提供的列值。

您的 CTE 提供了一个参数eventTime，以后再也不会使用它了。假设应该是event_number，那么也许你正在寻找这样的东西：

INSERT INTO alarm 
  -- specify all columns for which you provide a value 
  (alarm_id, fault_id, external_key,summary, event_sequence_number, event_number)
VALUES 
  -- provide a value for each column
  (nextval('seq_alrm_instnc_alrm_instnc_id'), ?, ?, ?, ?, ? )
  -- define the columns of the unique constraint you want to "catch"
ON CONFLICT (fault_id, external_key) 
DO UPDATE SET
   -- "excluded.summary" refers to the corresponding value from the VALUES clause
   summary = excluded.summary, 
   system_last_update_time = default,
   -- excluded.event_number refers to the corresponding value from the VALUES clause
   event_sequence_number = CASE
                             WHEN excluded.event_number > alarm.event_number THEN excluded.event_number
                             ELSE alarm.event_number
                           END