使用线程在固定时间间隔上调用函数

Question

我想在特定的时间间隔内调用我的函数。现在我的时间间隔设置为 1 分钟。我有以下代码示例：

Timer.java

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.logging.Level;

import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class Timer implements Runnable{
    public static volatile boolean isRunning = true;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while (isRunning) {    
            if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("TimerThread")){
                System.out.println("Start Time "+new Date());

                try {
                    test();
                    Thread.sleep(60000);
                } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                    Logger.getLogger(Timer.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
                }

                System.out.println("End Time "+new Date());    
            }
        }
    }

    public void test(){
        System.out.println("Call Test ===========================> "+new Date());
    }
}

NewJFrame.java

import java.awt.event.ItemEvent;

import java.util.Date;

public class NewJFrame extends javax.swing.JFrame {

    /**
     * Creates new form NewJFrame
     */
    public NewJFrame() {
        initComponents();
    }

    /**
     * This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form.
     * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always
     * regenerated by the Form Editor.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">                          
    private void initComponents() {

        jToggleButton1 = new javax.swing.JToggleButton();

        setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        jToggleButton1.setText("Start");
        jToggleButton1.addItemListener(new java.awt.event.ItemListener() {
            public void itemStateChanged(java.awt.event.ItemEvent evt) {
                jToggleButton1ItemStateChanged(evt);
            }
        });

        javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
        getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
        layout.setHorizontalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addGap(162, 162, 162)
                .addComponent(jToggleButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 100, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                .addContainerGap(138, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        );
        layout.setVerticalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addGap(129, 129, 129)
                .addComponent(jToggleButton1)
                .addContainerGap(142, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        );

        pack();
    }// </editor-fold>                        

    private void jToggleButton1ItemStateChanged(java.awt.event.ItemEvent evt) {                                                
        // TODO add your handling code here:
        if(evt.getStateChange() == ItemEvent.SELECTED){
            jToggleButton1.setText("Stop");
            timer = new Timer();
            timer.isRunning = true;
            timerThread = new Thread(timer);
            timerThread.setName("TimerThread");
            timerThread.start();
        }else{
            jToggleButton1.setText("Start");
            timer.isRunning = false;
            System.out.println("Stop Time ===============> "+new Date());
        }
    }                                               

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        /* Set the Nimbus look and feel */
        //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Look and feel setting code (optional) ">
        /* If Nimbus (introduced in Java SE 6) is not available, stay with the default look and feel.
         * For details see http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/lookandfeel/plaf.html 
         */
        try {
            for (javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : javax.swing.UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels()) {
                if ("Nimbus".equals(info.getName())) {
                    javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(info.getClassName());
                    break;
                }
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(NewJFrame.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(NewJFrame.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(NewJFrame.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        } catch (javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(NewJFrame.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
        //</editor-fold>

        /* Create and display the form */
        java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                new NewJFrame().setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }
    public Timer timer;
    public Thread timerThread;
    // Variables declaration - do not modify                     
    private javax.swing.JToggleButton jToggleButton1;
    // End of variables declaration                   
}

当我启动线程时，我会得到以下输出：

Start Time Sat Aug 08 10:45:01 IST 2015
Call Test ===========================> Sat Aug 08 10:45:01 IST 2015

一旦时间间隔完成，我会得到以下输出：

End Time Sat Aug 08 10:46:01 IST 2015
Start Time Sat Aug 08 10:46:01 IST 2015
Call Test ===========================> Sat Aug 08 10:46:01 IST 2015

在那之后我在 00:00:30 秒停止了我的线程，所以我将得到以下输出：

Stop Time ===============> Sat Aug 08 10:46:31 IST 2015

我在 00:00:30 秒停止了我的线程，但我的函数在 00:00:30 秒后自动调用

任何人都可以帮助我，我如何使用 Thread 在固定时间间隔上调用任何 函数 就像当我单击开始按钮时，我的线程将启动并调用函数，然后等待 2 分钟。 2分钟后再次调用我的函数并重复循环。如果我单击停止按钮，则线程将停止，直到我使用开始按钮启动线程。

Answer 1

正确答案是：不要使用Thread。使用 Timer、SwingTimer 或 ScheduledExecutorService，具体取决于您希望 Thread 做什么。

要回答您想要的实际问题，然后检查isRunning 并在睡眠完成后立即退出。如果需要，您还可以向线程发送中断以使睡眠立即停止。