【问题标题】:NoSuchMethod error when running Spring MVC test运行 Spring MVC 测试时出现 NoSuchMethod 错误
【发布时间】:2015-01-10 19:33:52
【问题描述】:

我正在尝试按照 Spring in Action(第 4 版)第 5 章中的示例来创建自己的项目。 (仍然是企业级的新手)我使用的是 Windows 7 PC、Java 7、Spring 4 和 Maven。当我运行 ClinicalNoteControllerTest 时,测试失败并在特定行出现 NoSuchMethod 错误。但我研究过这条线,它似乎写得正确。它绝对遵循书中的例子。我已经调试过,但在出现的内容中找不到任何东西。我想知道我的 pom.xml 文件中是否没有正确的配置?

你们总是乐于助人,如果您能在此处找到解决方案,我将不胜感激。但我也想自己成为一个更好的疑难解答者,而不是每次遇到问题时都跑到 stackoverflow 上。因此,您可以就我自己如何解决此问题提供任何提示,我们将不胜感激。

这是测试:

package com.kwalker.practicewellness;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders.*;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView;

import com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository;
import com.kwalker.practicewellness.domain.ClinicalNote;
import com.kwalker.practicewellness.web.ClinicalNoteController;

public class ClinicalNoteControllerTest {

@Test
public void shouldShowRecentClinicalNotes() throws Exception {
    List<ClinicalNote> expectedClinicalNotes = createClinicalNoteList(20);
    ClinicalNoteRepository mockNoteRepository = mock(ClinicalNoteRepository.class);
    when(mockNoteRepository.findClinicalNotes(Long.MAX_VALUE, 20)).thenReturn(expectedClinicalNotes);

    ClinicalNoteController noteController = new ClinicalNoteController(mockNoteRepository);
    MockMvc mockMvc = standaloneSetup(noteController).setSingleView(
            new InternalResourceView("/WEB-INF/views/clinicalNotes.jsp")).build();

    mockMvc.perform(get("/clinical-notes"))
        .andExpect(view().name("clinicalNotes"))
        .andExpect(model().attributeExists("clinicalNoteList"))
        .andExpect(model().attribute("clinicalNoteList", hasItems(expectedClinicalNotes.toArray())));
}

private List<ClinicalNote> createClinicalNoteList(int count) {
    List<ClinicalNote> clinicalNotes = new ArrayList<ClinicalNote>();
    for (int i=0; i < count; i++) {
        clinicalNotes.add(new ClinicalNote("Note " + i, new Date()));
    }
    return clinicalNotes;
}

}

这是 ClinicalNoteController:

package com.kwalker.practicewellness.web;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import com.kwalker.practicewellness.data.ClinicalNoteRepository;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/clinical-notes")
public class ClinicalNoteController {

private ClinicalNoteRepository noteRepository;

@Autowired
public ClinicalNoteController(ClinicalNoteRepository noteRepository) {
    this.noteRepository = noteRepository;
}

@RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String clinicalNotes(Model model) {
    model.addAttribute("clinicalNoteList", noteRepository.findClinicalNotes(Long.MAX_VALUE, 20));
    return "clinicalNotes";
}

}

这是我运行测试时在控制台上打印的内容:

INFO : org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.StandaloneMockMvcBuilder$StaticRequestMappingHandlerMapping - Mapped "{[/clinical-notes],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public java.lang.String com.kwalker.practicewellness.web.ClinicalNoteController.clinicalNotes(org.springframework.ui.Model)
INFO : org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter - Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.StubWebApplicationContext@41494678
INFO : org.springframework.mock.web.MockServletContext - Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet ''
INFO : org.springframework.test.web.servlet.TestDispatcherServlet - FrameworkServlet '': initialization started
INFO : org.springframework.test.web.servlet.TestDispatcherServlet - FrameworkServlet '': initialization completed in 16 ms

这是失败的痕迹:

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.hamcrest.Matcher.describeMismatch(Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/hamcrest/Description;)V
at org.hamcrest.core.IsCollectionContaining.matchesSafely(IsCollectionContaining.java:31)
at org.hamcrest.core.IsCollectionContaining.matchesSafely(IsCollectionContaining.java:14)
at org.hamcrest.TypeSafeDiagnosingMatcher.matches(TypeSafeDiagnosingMatcher.java:55)
at org.hamcrest.core.AllOf.matches(AllOf.java:24)
at org.springframework.test.util.MatcherAssertionErrors.assertThat(MatcherAssertionErrors.java:65)
at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.ModelResultMatchers$1.match(ModelResultMatchers.java:56)
at org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc$1.andExpect(MockMvc.java:152)
at com.kwalker.practicewellness.ClinicalNoteControllerTest.shouldShowRecentClinicalNotes(ClinicalNoteControllerTest.java:39)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:76)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

这是我的 POM 文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

<groupId>com.kwalker</groupId>
<artifactId>practicewellness</artifactId>
<name>Practice Wellness</name>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>

<properties>
    <java-version>1.7</java-version>
    <org.springframework-version>4.1.4.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
    <org.aspectj-version>1.6.10</org.aspectj-version>
    <org.slf4j-version>1.6.6</org.slf4j-version>

</properties>

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
        <exclusions>
            <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
             </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- AspectJ -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
        <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
        <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version>
    </dependency>   

    <!-- Logging -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
        <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.15</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
                <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
                <artifactId>jms</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
                <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
                <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- @Inject -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
        <version>1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Servlet -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.1.0</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Test -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.7</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency> 
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
        <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
        <version>1.10.19</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
        <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
        <version>1.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Misc -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.2</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.9</version>
            <configuration>
                <additionalProjectnatures>
                    <projectnature>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature</projectnature>
                </additionalProjectnatures>
                <additionalBuildcommands>
                    <buildcommand>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder</buildcommand>
                </additionalBuildcommands>
                <downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
                <downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.7</source>
                <target>1.7</target>
                <compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument>
                <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                <showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
            <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <mainClass>org.test.int1.Main</mainClass>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

这是我的 webapp 初始化程序:

package com.kwalker.practicewellness.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

public class WellnessWebAppInitializer extends
    AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {

@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
    return new Class<?>[] { RootConfig.class };
}

@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
    return new Class<?>[] { WebConfig.class };
}

@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
    return new String[] { "/" };
}

}

这是我的 WebConfig 文件:

package com.kwalker.practicewellness.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;

@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan("com.kwalker.practicewellness.web")
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
    InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
    resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
    resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
    resolver.setExposeContextBeansAsAttributes(true);
    return resolver;
}

@Override
public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
    configurer.enable();
}

}

这里是 RootConfig 类:

package com.kwalker.practicewellness.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan.Filter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"com.kwalker.practicewellness"}, 
            excludeFilters={@Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION, value=EnableWebMvc.class)})
public class RootConfig {

}

【问题讨论】:

  • 该错误几乎总是表明您的库版本错误,其中缺少方法或调用不存在的方法的库。
  • 这就是我的想法,问题出在 POM 文件的某个地方。您的评论让我重新搜索,我遇到了这个页面,它解决了这个确切的问题:tedvinke.wordpress.com/2013/12/17/…
  • Eclipse Dependency Hierarchy 视图在这里很有帮助,因为它显示了依赖关系树以及每个包的解析版本是如何计算的。

标签: java maven spring-mvc


【解决方案1】:

2013 年 12 月,Ted Vinke 的博客解决了这个确切的问题:Mixing JUnit, Hamcrest and Mockito

我使用此页面上给出的代码来修改我的 POM 文件(主要涉及重新排列 mockito、junit 和 hamcrest,并在 mockito 依赖项中排除 hamcrest)。重要提示:我使用的是这些资源的最新版本,直到我使我的 POM 文件中的版本与该链接页面上显示的版本相匹配,修复才起作用。以下是链接中的文字:

这可能是因为 JUnit 本身带来了自己的 Hamcrest 版本作为传递依赖。现在,如果您要使用 JUnit 4.11,它已经依赖于 Hamcrest 1.3.... 出现上述错误会很奇怪——因为 describeMismatch 方法存在于 org.hamcrest.Matcher 接口中。 org.junit.Assert.assertThat 委托的类路径上似乎存在 org.hamcrest.Matcher 的旧版本。如果您从 Eclipse 或 IntelliJ 运行它,IDE 很有可能使用自己的 JUnit 版本而不是您的 Maven 依赖项......

文章继续:

如果我们在 Eclipse 中寻找 Matcher 类,例如可以看到 mockito-all-1.9.5.jar 中也有一个.... 由于向后兼容的原因,mockito-all 似乎与 JUnit 4.11 不兼容。 Hamcrest 1.1 版 Matcher 已打包在依赖项中,因此我们不能排除它.... 幸运的是,Mockito 允许我们使用 mockito-core 依赖项而不是 mockito-all。运行依赖项检查(使用依赖项:树或在线)向我们显示它依赖于 hamcrest-core .....我们可以在 pom.xml 中排除它,并且不再有 NoSuchMethodError。这是我们案例中依赖项的最终组合:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.5</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.11</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
    <artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId>
    <version>1.3</version>
</dependency>

【讨论】:

  • 很高兴您找到了解决方案,但请在该链接的答案中添加与您的问题相关的特定文本,这样,如果该链接破坏了您的答案,您的答案仍然对其他人有用。无论如何努力+1! :)
  • 谢谢豪尔赫。我已经编辑了上面的部分,以包含我找到解决方案的网站上的文本和代码。
  • 我仍然有同样的错误
【解决方案2】:

我刚刚遇到了类似的问题,我试图跟踪 junit、mockito 和 hamcrest 作为依赖项被导入的位置,以了解发生了什么变化(我们没有以任何方式更改代码)。

我们发现了一个“RELEASE”值作为 pom 依赖项的版本(来自 org.springframework 的 spring-test)。所以看起来这个依赖的新版本与其他库不兼容。去掉版本标签后问题就解决了。在那之后,我们甚至删除了依赖,因为它已经包含在其他依赖项中。

【讨论】:

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