Gradle Hibernate 配置需要映射类

Question

我正在使用 Gradle 来管理我对 Hibernate 的依赖项（我之前使用的是 Maven），但我遇到了一些奇怪的事情。当我尝试将带注释的类的一个简单实例保存到数据库时，我最终得到一个MappingException，说该类未映射。由于我存储实例的方式，这种情况有些独特。假设情况是这样的：我有一个正确注释的休眠类，它将使用Session 和EntityManager 使用saveOrUpdate() 保存。我有一个persistance.xml，但没有休眠配置文件。我依靠EntityManagers 对映射类的自动检测将其提供给Session，因此可以将其识别为正确注释。我正在使用休眠 4.3.8。代码在切换之前工作。所有方法调用都发生在事务上下文中，事务被提交，会话被刷新。

例外：

Caused by: org.hibernate.MappingException: Unknown entity: com.gmail.sarah.project.Rank

Gradle 依赖项：

compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-core:4.3.8.Final"
compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:4.3.8.Final"
compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-ehcache:4.3.8.Final"
compile "mysql:mysql-connector-java:5.1.35"

编辑（一个测试用例也有同样的问题）： 主类：

package com.gmail.physicistsarah.gradletestproject.core;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

public class Init {

/**
 * @param args the command line arguments
 */
public static void main(String[] args) {
    EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("Test_Project");
    EntityManager manager = factory.createEntityManager();
    Session session = manager.unwrap(Session.class);
    Transaction transaction = session.getTransaction();
    transaction.begin();
    session.saveOrUpdate(new Person("Carl", "Gauss"));
    session.saveOrUpdate(new Person("Benoit", "Mandelbrot"));
    transaction.commit();
    factory.close();
}

@Entity
@Table(name = "Person")
public static class Person {

    @Column(name = "First_Name", nullable = false)
    private final String firstName;
    @Column(name = "Last_Name", nullable = false)
    private final String lastName;

    public Person(String firstName, String lastName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }
}

} 持久性.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="Test_Project" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
    <properties>
        <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test_project_db?zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull"/>
        <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
        <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value=""/>
        <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider"/>
        <property name="javax.persistence.schema-generation.database.action" value="create"/>
    </properties>
</persistence-unit>

Build.gradle：

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin:'application'

sourceCompatibility = '1.8'
[compileJava, compileTestJava]*.options*.encoding = 'UTF-8'

// NetBeans will automatically add "run" and "debug" tasks relying on the
// "mainClass" property. You may however define the property prior executing
// tasks by passing a "-PmainClass=<QUALIFIED_CLASS_NAME>" argument.
//
// Note however, that you may define your own "run" and "debug" task if you
// prefer. In this case NetBeans will not add these tasks but you may rely on
// your own implementation.
mainClassName = "com.gmail.physicistsarah.gradletestproject.core.Init"
if (!hasProperty('mainClass')) {
ext.mainClass = 'com.gmail.physicistsarah.gradletestproject.core.Init'
}
task sourcesJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: classes) {
classifier = 'sources'
from sourceSets.main.allSource
}

task javadocJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: javadoc) {
classifier = 'javadoc'
from javadoc.destinationDir
}

artifacts {
archives sourcesJar
archives javadocJar
}
repositories {
mavenCentral()
// You may define additional repositories, or even remove "mavenCentral()".
// Read more about repositories here:
//   http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/dependency_management.html#sec:repositories
}

dependencies {
// TODO: Add dependencies here ...
// You can read more about how to add dependency here:
//   http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/dependency_management.html#sec:how_to_declare_your_dependencies
compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-core:4.3.8.Final"
compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:4.3.8.Final"
compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-ehcache:4.3.8.Final"
compile "mysql:mysql-connector-java:5.1.35"
testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.10'
}

例外：

INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.MappingException: Unknown entity: com.gmail.physicistsarah.gradletestproject.core.Init$Person
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.getEntityPersister(SessionFactoryImpl.java:1096)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.getEntityPersister(SessionImpl.java:1443)
at org.hibernate.engine.internal.ForeignKeys.isTransient(ForeignKeys.java:242)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.getEntityState(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:511)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.performSaveOrUpdate(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:100)
at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.onSaveOrUpdate(DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener.java:90)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.fireSaveOrUpdate(SessionImpl.java:684)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.saveOrUpdate(SessionImpl.java:676)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.saveOrUpdate(SessionImpl.java:671)
at com.gmail.physicistsarah.gradletestproject.core.Init.main(Init.java:23)

persistence.xml（和 META-INF 包）位于 resources/main 文件夹中。

Answer 1

您的代码中有很多错误：

1. 实体不能是嵌套类
2. 实体必须有一个无参数构造函数
3. 实体字段可能不是最终字段
4. 实体必须具有用@Id 注释的属性

5. 实体必须在 persistence.xml 文件中列出：

   <class>com.foo.bar.EntityClassName</class>