SpringBeanAutowiringSupport 不在 jUnit 测试中注入 bean答案

【问题标题】：SpringBeanAutowiringSupport does not inject beans in jUnit testsSpringBeanAutowiringSupport 不在 jUnit 测试中注入 bean
【发布时间】：2014-09-18 21:49:49
【问题描述】：

我在某些对象中使用SpringBeanAutowiringSupport 进行 bean 注入。问题是，bean 的注入在 jUnit 测试中不起作用。用于测试使用 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner。

public class DossierReportItemXlsImporterImpl implements DossierRerportItemXlsImporer {

    private final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(getClass());
    // are not autowired.
    @Autowired
    private DossierReportService dossierReportService;
    @Autowired
    private DossierReportItemService dossierReportItemService;
    @Autowired
    private NandoCodeService nandoCodeService;

    public DossierReportItemXlsImporterImpl(){
        SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.processInjectionBasedOnCurrentContext(this);
    }

    //...
}


public class DossierRerportItemXlsImporerTest extends AuditorServiceTest{

    // injected OK
    @Autowired
    private DossierReportService dossierReportService;
    @Autowired
    private DossierReportItemService dossierReportItemService;

    @Test
    public void testXlsImport(){
        DossierRerportItemXlsImporer importer = new DossierReportItemXlsImporterImpl();
        importer.processImport(createDossierReport(), loadFile());
        // ...
    }
  // ...
}

有谁知道，为什么使用SpringBeanAutowiringSupport 进行注入在 jUnit 测试中不起作用？

【问题讨论】：

因为测试运行器不使用ContextLoader 来加载上下文。这由SpringBeanAutowiringSupport 使用。它基本上不检测上下文。作为一个额外的困难，它还期望它是WebApplicationContext，而不是常规的ApplicationContext。作为一种解决方法，您可以注入ApplicationContext 并通过调用getAutowireCapableBeanFactory().autowireBean(yourInstance); 自己手动进行接线。

标签： java spring junit

【解决方案1】：

spring + junit 团队已经解决了这个问题。看这个链接 -->
spring unit testing

否则你可以调用 spring 上下文并使用 getBean 方法，但这样你甚至可以在你的类中使用一个简单的主测试来代替 junit 测试

**注意如果你使用 spring + junit 配置你必须把 test-spring-context.xml 放到测试包中

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

感谢 M. Denium，他的解决方案奏效了。

public class DossierReportItemXlsImporterImpl implements DossierRerportItemXlsImporer {

    private final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(getClass());

    @Autowired
    private DossierReportService dossierReportService;
    @Autowired
    private DossierReportItemService dossierReportItemService;
    @Autowired
    private NandoCodeService nandoCodeService;

    public DossierReportItemXlsImporterImpl(final ApplicationContext contex){
        contex.getAutowireCapableBeanFactory().autowireBean(this);
    }

    //...
}


 public class DossierRerportItemXlsImporerTest extends AuditorServiceTest{

        @Autowired
        private ApplicationContext context;
        @Autowired
        private DossierReportService dossierReportService;
        @Autowired
        private DossierReportItemService dossierReportItemService;

        @Test
        public void testXlsImport(){
            DossierRerportItemXlsImporer importer = new DossierReportItemXlsImporterImpl(context);
            importer.processImport(createDossierReport(), loadFile());
            // ...
        }
      // ...
    }

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

我制作了自己的版本，支持传入ApplicationContext，而不仅限于WebApplicationContext。这将允许它在测试和正常环境中工作。

/**
 * This is an implementation of {@link org.springframework.web.context.support.SpringBeanAutowiringSupport} that
 * has a fallback that can be used in unit tests.
 */
public final class SpringBeanAutowiringSupport {
    private static final ThreadLocal<ApplicationContext> applicationContextThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();

    private SpringBeanAutowiringSupport() {}

    public static void setApplicationContext(final ApplicationContext applicationContext) {

        applicationContextThreadLocal.set(applicationContext);
    }

    public static void processInjectionBasedOnCurrentContext(Object target) {

        var cc = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();
        if (cc != null) {
            org.springframework.web.context.support.SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.processInjectionBasedOnCurrentContext(target);
        } else if (applicationContextThreadLocal.get() != null) {
            AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor bpp = new AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor();
            bpp.setBeanFactory(applicationContextThreadLocal.get().getAutowireCapableBeanFactory());
            bpp.processInjection(target);
        }

    }

    public static void unload() {

        applicationContextThreadLocal.remove();

    }
}

为了在测试中更容易使用，我添加了TestExecutionListener

public class SpringBeanAutowiringSupportTestExecutionListener extends AbstractTestExecutionListener {

    @Override
    public void afterTestMethod(final TestContext testContext) {

        SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.unload();

    }

    @Override
    public void beforeTestMethod(final TestContext testContext) {

        SpringBeanAutowiringSupport.setApplicationContext(testContext.getApplicationContext());
    }
}

然后在我的测试中使用它

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@TestExecutionListeners(listeners = {SpringBeanAutowiringSupportTestExecutionListener.class}, mergeMode = MERGE_WITH_DEFAULTS)
public class MyTest {
...
}

【讨论】：