RabbitMQ 队列和路由键

Question

在文档中 https://docs.spring.io/spring-amqp/reference/htmlsingle/ 我明白了

@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
        value = @Queue(value = "myQueue", durable = "true"),
        exchange = @Exchange(value = "auto.exch", ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true"),
        key = "orderRoutingKey")
  )
  public void processOrder(Order order) {

  }

  @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
        value = @Queue,
        exchange = @Exchange(value = "auto.exch"),
        key = "invoiceRoutingKey")
  )
  public void processInvoice(Invoice invoice) {

  }

这里有 1 个队列和 2 个另外的路由键，每个人都为他的方法 但是我的代码没有从密钥获取消息！

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(value = DRIVER_QUEUE, durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = "exchange", ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true", autoDelete = "true"),
            key = "order")
    )
    public String getOrders(byte[] message) throws InterruptedException {
         System.out.println("Rout order");
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(value = DRIVER_QUEUE, durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(value = "exchange", ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true", autoDelete = "true"),
            key = "invoice")
    )
    public String getOrders(byte[] message) throws InterruptedException {
         System.out.println("Rout invoice");
    }

他们都从队列中获取消息，但看不到密钥... 站点使用“发票”键发送队列消息，我在控制台“路由顺序”中看到 什么问题？？非常感谢！

rabbitmq 3.7.3 春天 4.2.9 org.springframework.amqp 1.7.5

Answer 1

错误是您将所有消息发送到同一个队列。

您应该为每个侦听器使用不同的队列。您的绑定只是告诉 RK="invoice" 和 RK="order" 的消息必须在同一个队列中，而不是侦听器使用该 RK 处理队列元素。

你应该绑定例如通过键“invoice”交换到 DRIVER_QUEUE1（例如“queue-orders”）并通过键“order”交换到 DRIVER_QUEUE2（例如“queue-invoices”）。通过这种方式，您可以分离消息，并且可以放置两个侦听器，一个用于发票，一个用于订单。例如。像这样：

@RabbitListener(queues = "queue-orders")
public void handleOrders(@Payload Order in,
      @Header(AmqpHeaders.RECEIVED_ROUTING_KEY) String key) {
   logger.info("Key: {}, msg: {}",key,in.toString());
}


@RabbitListener(queues = "queue-invoices")
public void handleInvoices(@Payload Invoice in, 
      @Header(AmqpHeaders.RECEIVED_ROUTING_KEY) String key) {
   logger.info("Key: {}, msg: {}",key,in.toString());
}

我不喜欢整个完整的注释，因为当代理配置完成时，恕我直言，完整的注释变得无用（或者更好的是，添加额外的检查对我来说无用）。但如果你愿意，整个注释应该是这样的

@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
        value = @Queue(value = "queue-orders", durable = "true"),
        exchange = @Exchange(value = "exchange", ignoreDeclarationExceptions = "true", autoDelete = "true"),
        key = "invoice")
)

然后你就可以通过convertAndSend(exchangename, routingkey, object) 发送消息了

Order order = new Order(...);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange", "order", order);
Invoice invoice = new Invoice(...);
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSent("exchange", "invoice", invoice);

如果您的启动应用程序实现了 RabbitListenerConfigurer，那么您可以将所有内容配置为例如

@SpringBootApplication
public class MyApplication implements RabbitListenerConfigurer {
   // other config stuff here....

    @Bean("queue1")
    public Queue queue1() {
        return new Queue("queue-orders", true);
    }

    @Bean("queue2")
    public Queue queue2() {
        return new Queue("queue-invoices", true);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding binding1(@Qualifier("queue1") Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {        
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("invoice");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding binding2(@Qualifier("queue2") Queue queue, TopicExchange exchange) {        
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("order");
    }

    @Bean
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(final ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
    rabbitTemplate.setMessageConverter(producerJackson2MessageConverter());
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean
    public Jackson2JsonMessageConverter producerJackson2MessageConverter() {
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }

    @Bean
    public DefaultMessageHandlerMethodFactory messageHandlerMethodFactory() {
        DefaultMessageHandlerMethodFactory factory = new DefaultMessageHandlerMethodFactory();
        factory.setMessageConverter(consumerJackson2MessageConverter());
        return factory;
    }

    @Override
    public void configureRabbitListeners(final RabbitListenerEndpointRegistrar registrar) {
        registrar.setMessageHandlerMethodFactory(messageHandlerMethodFactory());
    }

    // Exchange.
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange exchange() {
        return new TopicExchange("exchange");
    }
}

希望能满足您的要求。