随机函数

Question

我想创建一个包含随机字符串的 for 循环。 我希望名称不要重复，价格可能会出现两次（我们有 5 个人，有 2 个钻孔电机和 2 个直流电机要赠送）。 因此，4 人将获得价格，2 人获得钻机，2 人获得直流电机。

我该怎么做？因为当我运行时，random.sample 每次运行循环的一部分时都会重复，并且某些名称和价格出现得太频繁了。因此，我希望名称出现一次，每个价格出现两次。

这是代码：

import random

price=["You have won the drill-motor" , "You have won the DC motor"]

Names = ["Hilmi", "Joris", "Isa", "Dennis", "Jasper"]

for i in range (len(Names)-1):
    print(*random.sample(Names,1), *random.sample(price,1))

Answer 1

最简单的方法是 shuffle 和 zip 适当的列表：

import random

names = ["Hilmi", "Joris", "Isa", "Dennis", "Jasper"]
prices = 2 * ["You have won the drill-motor" , "You have won the DC motor"]

random.shuffle(names)
random.shuffle(prices)  
# shuffling prices is not strictly necessary
# the random name order already guarantees everybody's fair chance ;)

for name, price in zip(names, prices): 
    print(name, price)

# Hilmi You have won the DC motor
# Jasper You have won the drill-motor
# Dennis You have won the DC motor
# Joris You have won the drill-motor

Answer 2

您可以在开头打乱名称列表，然后对其进行一次迭代。 此外，当只选择一项时，random.choice 是比random.sample 更好的选择。 这是代码

import random
price = ["You have won the drill-motor" , "You have won the DC motor"]
names = ["Hilmi", "Joris", "Isa", "Dennis", "Jasper"]
shuffled_names = names[:]  # create a copy if you want original order preserved
random.shuffle(shuffled_names)
for name in shuffled_names:
    print(name, random.choice(price))