.popitem() 每次运行代码时从字典中选择完全相同的对

Question

我需要在两个电脑玩家之间进行二十一点游戏。我知道该怎么做，但我无法弄清楚这个错误 每次我分配要发给玩家的牌时，它都会正确累积总数，但每次都会抽相同的牌。

代码在这里

deck = {'Ace of Spades':1, '2 of Spades':2, '3 of Spades':3,
        '4 of Spades':4, '5 of Spades':5, '6 of Spades':6,
        '7 of Spades':7, '8 of Spades':8, '9 of Spades':9,
        '10 of Spades':10, 'Jack of Spades':10,
        'Queen of Spades':10, 'King of Spades': 10,

        'Ace of Hearts':1, '2 of Hearts':2, '3 of Hearts':3,
        '4 of Hearts':4, '5 of Hearts':5, '6 of Hearts':6,
        '7 of Hearts':7, '8 of Hearts':8, '9 of Hearts':9,
        '10 of Hearts':10, 'Jack of Hearts':10,
        'Queen of Hearts':10, 'King of Hearts': 10,

        'Ace of Clubs':1, '2 of Clubs':2, '3 of Clubs':3,
        '4 of Clubs':4, '5 of Clubs':5, '6 of Clubs':6,
        '7 of Clubs':7, '8 of Clubs':8, '9 of Clubs':9,
        '10 of Clubs':10, 'Jack of Clubs':10,
        'Queen of Clubs':10, 'King of Clubs': 10,

        'Ace of Diamonds':1, '2 of Diamonds':2, '3 of Diamonds':3,
        '4 of Diamonds':4, '5 of Diamonds':5, '6 of Diamonds':6,
        '7 of Diamonds':7, '8 of Diamonds':8, '9 of Diamonds':9,
        '10 of Diamonds':10, 'Jack of Diamonds':10,
        'Queen of Diamonds':10, 'King of Diamonds': 10}

hand_1 = 'string'
hand_1_value = 0
hand_1_total = 0

hand_2 = 'string'
hand_2_value = 0
hand_2_total = 0

while hand_1_total < 21:
    k, v = deck.popitem()
    hand_1 = k
    hand_1_total = hand_1_total + v

    print('Player 1 is dealt', hand_1)
    print('Player 1 score is',hand_1_total)

在这里输出：

Player 1 is dealt King of Diamonds
Player 1 score is 10
Player 1 is dealt Queen of Diamonds
Player 1 score is 20
Player 1 is dealt Jack of Diamonds
Player 1 score is 30

每次我运行它时，它都会分配皇家钻石套装，我不知道为什么？我的教科书说 dict.popitem() 返回一个随机选择的键：值对作为声明变量的元组。

我的第一个想法是，作为一个元组，变量在第一次迭代时无法更改。但这对我来说并不正确，也无法解释为什么每次都选择相同的卡片。

Answer 1

您将获得相同的模式，因为deck.popitem() 按deck.items() 中的元素顺序返回项目。

由于您的deck 每次都相同，deck.items() 也相同，因此popitem() 以相同的顺序返回元素。

一种随机化的方法是：

import random
..
..
items = list(deck.items())
random.shuffle(items)
for k,v in items:
    hand_1 = k
    hand_1_total = hand_1_total + v

    print('Player 1 is dealt', hand_1)
    print('Player 1 score is',hand_1_total)