MacOS 上的 pyenv zlib 错误：

Question

我的目标

我正在尝试使用 pyenv 在我的 MBP 上并排安装 Python 2.7.5 和 3.6.5。

pyenv安装

按照How can I use Homebrew to install both Python 2 and 3 on Mac?，我试过了：

$ pyenv install 3.6.5

错在：

python-build: use openssl from homebrew
python-build: use readline from homebrew
Downloading Python-3.6.5.tar.xz...
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tar.xz
Installing Python-3.6.5...
python-build: use readline from homebrew

BUILD FAILED (OS X 10.13.4 using python-build 20160602)

Inspect or clean up the working tree at /var/folders/d0/t8d3jjp161g2dyrd4k67ypc80000gn/T/python-build.20180426091253.34709
Results logged to /var/folders/d0/t8d3jjp161g2dyrd4k67ypc80000gn/T/python-build.20180426091253.34709.log

Last 10 log lines:
  File "/private/var/folders/d0/t8d3jjp161g2dyrd4k67ypc80000gn/T/python-build.20180426091253.34709/Python-3.6.5/Lib/ensurepip/__main__.py", line 5, in <module>
    sys.exit(ensurepip._main())
  File "/private/var/folders/d0/t8d3jjp161g2dyrd4k67ypc80000gn/T/python-build.20180426091253.34709/Python-3.6.5/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 204, in _main
    default_pip=args.default_pip,
  File "/private/var/folders/d0/t8d3jjp161g2dyrd4k67ypc80000gn/T/python-build.20180426091253.34709/Python-3.6.5/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 117, in _bootstrap
    return _run_pip(args + [p[0] for p in _PROJECTS], additional_paths)
  File "/private/var/folders/d0/t8d3jjp161g2dyrd4k67ypc80000gn/T/python-build.20180426091253.34709/Python-3.6.5/Lib/ensurepip/__init__.py", line 27, in _run_pip
    import pip
zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available
make: *** [install] Error 1

我尝试了什么

• 安装zlib：brew install zlib

我的问题

如何在 MBP 上使用pyenv 安装多个 Python 环境？

Answer 1

在 Mojave 上，安装 Xcode 命令行工具后，必须运行以下命令：

sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /

Answer 2

brew install zlib
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include"
pyenv install 3.7.2

Samsin 的回答对我不起作用。我没有Packages 目录

Answer 3

在 MacOS 11.1 (Big Sur) 上我最终需要：

brew install bzip2
export LDFLAGS="-L $(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/lib -L brew --prefix bzip2/lib"
export CFLAGS="-L $(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include -L brew --prefix bzip2/include"
pyenv install 3.9.0

我在 ./bash_profile 中添加了导出命令，所以下次如果需要安装更多版本，我可以使用 pyenv。

密切关注：https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1643 跟踪此问题，希望这将在 pyenv 中修复。

Answer 4

我在这里尝试了所有解决方案，但没有成功。

这就是我在 MacOs 11.2.1 (Big Sur) 上的工作方式：

export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=11.0
brew install pyenv bzip2 zlib xz openssl@1.1

## 3.6.8
CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include -I$(brew --prefix bzip2)/include -I$(brew --prefix readline)/include -I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include" LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib -L$(brew --prefix readline)/lib -L$(brew --prefix zlib)/lib -L$(brew --prefix bzip2)/lib" pyenv install --patch 3.6.8 < <(curl -sSL https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/8ea6353.patch\?full_index\=1)

## 3.6.12
CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include -I$(brew --prefix bzip2)/include -I$(brew --prefix readline)/include -I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include" LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib -L$(brew --prefix readline)/lib -L$(brew --prefix zlib)/lib -L$(brew --prefix bzip2)/lib" pyenv install --patch 3.6.12 < <(curl -sSL https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/8ea6353.patch\?full_index\=1)

## 3.7.9
CFLAGS="-I$(brew --prefix openssl)/include -I$(brew --prefix bzip2)/include -I$(brew --prefix readline)/include -I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include" LDFLAGS="-L$(brew --prefix openssl)/lib -L$(brew --prefix readline)/lib -L$(brew --prefix zlib)/lib -L$(brew --prefix bzip2)/lib" pyenv install 3.7.9

解决方案取自this gist。

Answer 5

pyenv wiki 有一个专门针对常见构建问题的页面。 missing zlib error 提到了一些可能的解决方案。

我有同样的 ZipImportError 但使用以下命令安装成功：

CFLAGS="-I$(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include" pyenv install 3.6.5

Answer 6

为了获得带有tkinter 的Python 3.8.6，我在Vincent Gerris 的回答和this blog post 的基础上构建，并通过

brew install bzip2
export LDFLAGS="-L $(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/lib -L brew --prefix bzip2/lib"
export CFLAGS="-L $(xcrun --show-sdk-path)/usr/include -L brew --prefix bzip2/include"
export PYTHON_CONFIGURE_OPTS="--with-tcltk-includes='-I/usr/local/opt/tcl-tk/include' --with-tcltk-libs='-L/usr/local/opt/tcl-tk/lib -ltcl8.6 -ltk8.6' --enable-framework"
pyenv install 3.8.6

Answer 7

以下内容适用于 macOS Big Sur (11.6.1)：

brew update
brew install bzip2
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/bzip2/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/zlib/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include"
pyenv install 3.8.6