Boost 序列化：链接到库

Question

我想使用 Boost 库在我的程序中序列化对象。这是我第一次使用它，它给我带来了一些问题。

在我的程序中，我实现了“序列化”方法并包括以下内容：

#include <fstream>
#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>

现在当我构建时出现以下错误：

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::text_oarchive_impl(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, unsigned int)", referenced from:
      boost::archive::text_oarchive::text_oarchive(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, unsigned int)in Main.o
  "boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive::~basic_oarchive()", referenced from:
      boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~common_oarchive()in Main.o
      boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~common_oarchive()in Main.o
      boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~common_oarchive()in Main.o
  "boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_oprimitive()", referenced from:
      boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in Main.o
      boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in Main.o
      boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in Main.o
  "vtable for boost::archive::archive_exception", referenced from:
      boost::archive::archive_exception::archive_exception(boost::archive::archive_exception const&)in Main.o
  "typeinfo for boost::archive::archive_exception", referenced from:
      void boost::serialization::throw_exception<boost::archive::archive_exception>(boost::archive::archive_exception const&)in Main.o
  "boost::archive::archive_exception::~archive_exception()", referenced from:
      void boost::serialization::throw_exception<boost::archive::archive_exception>(boost::archive::archive_exception const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<unsigned int>(unsigned int const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in Main.o
      ...
  "boost::archive::archive_exception::archive_exception(boost::archive::archive_exception::exception_code, char const*, char const*)", referenced from:
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<unsigned int>(unsigned int const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in Main.o
  "boost::archive::basic_text_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::newtoken()", referenced from:
      void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<unsigned int>(unsigned int const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in Main.o
  "boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive::end_preamble()", referenced from:
      void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::version_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::version_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in Main.o
      void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in Main.o
      ...
  "boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)", referenced from:
      void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in Main.o
  "typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive", referenced from:
      typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>in Main.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [stable] Error 1

我不确定问题是因为链接还是与 64 位和 32 位架构有关。

我尝试过链接：

-L/opt/local/lib/ -lboost_iostreams -lboost_serialization

但似乎没有任何区别。

Answer 1

看起来你的 boost 库包只有 32 位；您必须重新构建它添加 64 位二进制文​​件，或设置您的主项目以匹配 boost 库。 尝试将您的项目设置为生成 32 位二进制而不是 64 位。在 XCode 4.2 中，您将使用项目检查器中构建设置的架构部分。

Answer 2

就我而言：这是因为我使用了编译器 gcc6（或 gcc5 有同样的问题）。我的代码使用不同的编译标志和 boost 库。详细解释在这个link

如果您可以重新编译您使用的所有不兼容的库，请使用编译器选项进行此操作

-D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1

然后重建您的项目。如果仍然无法链接，请将更改项目的 makefile 编译器选项添加到 0。

-D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=0