网络驱动程序。使用参数化类后无法运行测试

Question

我需要实现一件事：每次开始测试时，我都必须登录系统。我创建了一个应该运行这个登录过程的类。我能够向这个类发送正确的值并且它能够登录，但在那之后，我在我的第二个类（它正在运行测试本身）上收到 NullPointerException。看起来它根本看不到浏览器窗口。请帮助我以一种允许我在任意数量的类中重用 Login 类的方式编写这些类。

一个用于登录：

public class Login {

    private static WebDriver driver;
    public static void Find_Fields (String path,String login, String password) {
        driver = Driver.get(path);
        WebElement login_field = driver.findElement(By.id("abc"));
        login_field.sendKeys(login);
        //Find Password Field on Start page
        WebElement password_field = driver.findElement(By.id("abc"));
        password_field.sendKeys(password);
        //Find Login Button
        WebElement login_button = driver.findElement(By.xpath("abc"));
        login_button.click();
    }
}

public class Testing {

    private static WebDriver driver;
    @BeforeClass
    public static void a_setup(){
        //here I'm trying to run Login with parameters
        Login fields = new Login();
        fields.Find_Fields(LOGIN_PATH, LOGIN, PASSWORD);
    }

    @Test
    public void b_Press_Login_Button(){
        //Here I'm trying to start testing in session started from a_setup()
        WebElement keyword = driver.findElement("..."));
        keyword.sendKeys("...");
    }

    @AfterClass
    public static void Close(){
        driver.quit();
        driver.close();
    }
}

Answer 1

您有两个独立的 WebDriver 字段，每个类一个。您已经在 Login 中初始化了一个，但您没有将引用传递回 Testing 类。一种解决方案是简单地将 WebDriver 作为参数传递给 Login 构造函数：

public class Login {

    private WebDriver driver;

    public void Find_Fields (String path,String login, String password) {
        driver.get(path);
        //(...) rest of this method is unchanged
    }

    public Login(WebDriver driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
    }
}

public class Testing {

    private static WebDriver driver;
    @BeforeClass
    public static void a_setup(){
        driver = new FirefoxDriver();        //initialize the driver
        Login fields = new Login(driver);    //pass the instance of WebDriver to login class
        fields.Find_Fields(LOGIN_PATH, LOGIN, PASSWORD);
    }

    //(...) rest of the class remains unchanged
}

Answer 2

您需要使用浏览器对象初始化驱动程序。像这样的东西应该可以工作：

public static void Find_Fields (String path,String login, String password)
{
    driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    driver.get(path);
    WebElement login_field = driver.findElement(By.id("abc"));
    login_field.sendKeys(login);
    //Find Password Field on Start page
    WebElement password_field = driver.findElement(By.id("abc"));
    password_field.sendKeys(password);
    //Find Login Button
    WebElement login_button = driver.findElement(By.xpath("abc"));
    login_button.click();
}