如何使用 Delphi 和 WMI 查找可用的并行端口及其 I/O 地址答案

【问题标题】：How to find available parallel ports and their I/O addresses using Delphi and WMI如何使用 Delphi 和 WMI 查找可用的并行端口及其 I/O 地址
【发布时间】：2010-03-05 10:58:45
【问题描述】：

我看到 WMI 非常强大，并且似乎能够返回 PC 硬件的大多数属性。我想在任何 PC 上显示可用的并行端口并找到它们的 I/O 地址——我知道通常这是使用内核驱动程序完成的，但这是一个遗留需求——不要问！目前我们在设备管理器中查看，然后必须输入那里显示的地址。我想使用 WMI 来查找此信息。 1 有一组出色的 WMI 类，但我看不到如何迭代。

谢谢。

【问题讨论】：

标签： delphi wmi port parallel-processing

【解决方案1】：

必须尝试从 WMI 中提取复杂信息。我试图在我的 PC 上找到并行端口地址，这就是报告：

首先，我查询了 Win32_ParallelPort 类以查找所有并行端口。（在他之前的帖子中使用与 PRUZ 相同的代码）：'Select * From Win32_ParallelPort'。结果是（我的系统中只有一个并行端口）：

instance of Win32_ParallelPort
{
    Availability = 3;
    Caption = "LPT1";
    ConfigManagerErrorCode = 0;
    ConfigManagerUserConfig = FALSE;
    CreationClassName = "Win32_ParallelPort";
    Description = "LPT1";
    DeviceID = "LPT1";
    Name = "LPT1";
    OSAutoDiscovered = TRUE;
    PNPDeviceID = "ACPI\\PNP0401\\4&25C6B52A&0";
    PowerManagementSupported = FALSE;
    ProtocolSupported = 17;
    SystemCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";
    SystemName = "JUPITER";
};

其次，我查询过Win32_PnPAllocatedResource（'Select * From Win32_PnPAllocatedResource'）。我这里有很多信息，但我只选择了 PNPDeviceID = "ACPI\PNP0401\4&25C6B52A&0" 的 3 个条目。

instance of Win32_PNPAllocatedResource
{
    Antecedent = "\\\\JUPITER\\root\\cimv2:Win32_PortResource.StartingAddress=\"888\"";
    Dependent = "\\\\JUPITER\\root\\cimv2:Win32_PnPEntity.DeviceID=\"ACPI\\\\PNP0401\\\\4&25C6B52A&0\"";
};


instance of Win32_PNPAllocatedResource
{
    Antecedent = "\\\\JUPITER\\root\\cimv2:Win32_PortResource.StartingAddress=\"1912\"";
    Dependent = "\\\\JUPITER\\root\\cimv2:Win32_PnPEntity.DeviceID=\"ACPI\\\\PNP0401\\\\4&25C6B52A&0\"";
};


instance of Win32_PNPAllocatedResource
{
    Antecedent = "\\\\JUPITER\\root\\cimv2:Win32_DMAChannel.DMAChannel=3";
    Dependent = "\\\\JUPITER\\root\\cimv2:Win32_PnPEntity.DeviceID=\"ACPI\\\\PNP0401\\\\4&25C6B52A&0\"";
};

第三个条目不感兴趣。前两个条目给了我们两个（十进制）起始地址（888 和 1912）

终于查询到Win32_PortResource('Select * From Win32_PortResource')，找到起始地址888和1912对应的结束地址：

instance of Win32_PortResource
{
    Alias = FALSE;
    Caption = "0x00000378-0x0000037F";
    CreationClassName = "Win32_PortResource";
    CSCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";
    CSName = "JUPITER";
    Description = "0x00000378-0x0000037F";
    EndingAddress = "895";
    Name = "0x00000378-0x0000037F";
    StartingAddress = "888";
    Status = "OK";
};


instance of Win32_PortResource
{
    Alias = FALSE;
    Caption = "0x00000778-0x0000077B";
    CreationClassName = "Win32_PortResource";
    CSCreationClassName = "Win32_ComputerSystem";
    CSName = "JUPITER";
    Description = "0x00000778-0x0000077B";
    EndingAddress = "1915";
    Name = "0x00000778-0x0000077B";
    StartingAddress = "1912";
    Status = "OK";
};

更新

我在 GUI 应用程序中使用了与 RRUZ 相同的代码（见下文）。唯一需要编译它的是 WbemScripting_TLB.pas 单元。该单元由类型库导入向导生成，您可以在my blog阅读Delphi 2009中的过程

unit Unit1;

interface

uses
  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
  Dialogs, StdCtrls;

type
  TForm1 = class(TForm)
    Memo1: TMemo;
    Button4: TButton;
    Button5: TButton;
    Button6: TButton;
    procedure Button4Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button5Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button6Click(Sender: TObject);
  private
    { Private declarations }
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Form1: TForm1;

implementation

uses WbemScripting_TLB, ActiveX;


{$R *.dfm}


procedure TForm1.Button4Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  WMIServices  : ISWbemServices;
  WMILocator   : ISWbemLocator;
  Root         : ISWbemObjectSet;
  SWbemObject  : ISWbemObject;
  Item         : IEnumVariant;
  rgVar        : OleVariant;
  pCelFetched  : Cardinal;

begin
  Memo1.Lines.Clear;
  WMILocator := CoSWbemLocator.Create();
  WMIServices := WMILocator.ConnectServer('.', 'root\cimv2','', '', '', '', 0, nil);    //
  Root := WMIServices.ExecQuery('Select * From Win32_PnPAllocatedResource','WQL', 0, nil);
  Item :=  (Root._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  while  (Item.Next(1, rgVar, pCelFetched) = S_OK) do
  begin
    SWbemObject := IUnknown(rgVar) as ISWBemObject;
    if (SWbemObject <> nil) then
    begin
      SWbemObject.Properties_;//Load the Properties to read
      Memo1.Lines.Add(SWbemObject.GetObjectText_(0));
    end;
  end;
end;

procedure TForm1.Button5Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  WMIServices  : ISWbemServices;
  WMILocator   : ISWbemLocator;
  Root         : ISWbemObjectSet;
  SWbemObject  : ISWbemObject;
  Item         : IEnumVariant;
  rgVar        : OleVariant;
  pCelFetched  : Cardinal;

begin
  Memo1.Lines.Clear;
  WMILocator := CoSWbemLocator.Create();
  WMIServices := WMILocator.ConnectServer('.', 'root\cimv2','', '', '', '', 0, nil);    //
  Root := WMIServices.ExecQuery('Select * From Win32_PortResource','WQL', 0, nil);
  Item :=  (Root._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  while  (Item.Next(1, rgVar, pCelFetched) = S_OK) do
  begin
    SWbemObject := IUnknown(rgVar) as ISWBemObject;
    if (SWbemObject <> nil) then
    begin
      SWbemObject.Properties_;//Load the Properties to read
      Memo1.Lines.Add(SWbemObject.GetObjectText_(0));
    end;
   end;
end;

procedure TForm1.Button6Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  WMIServices  : ISWbemServices;
  WMILocator   : ISWbemLocator;
  Root         : ISWbemObjectSet;
  SWbemObject  : ISWbemObject;
  Item         : IEnumVariant;
  rgVar        : OleVariant;
  pCelFetched  : Cardinal;

begin
  Memo1.Lines.Clear;
  WMILocator := CoSWbemLocator.Create();
  WMIServices := WMILocator.ConnectServer('.', 'root\cimv2','', '', '', '', 0, nil);    //
  Root := WMIServices.ExecQuery('Select * From Win32_ParallelPort','WQL', 0, nil);
  Item :=  (Root._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  while  (Item.Next(1, rgVar, pCelFetched) = S_OK) do
  begin
    SWbemObject := IUnknown(rgVar) as ISWBemObject;
    if (SWbemObject <> nil) then
    begin
      SWbemObject.Properties_;//Load the Properties to read
      Memo1.Lines.Add(SWbemObject.GetObjectText_(0));
    end;
   end;
end;

end.

【讨论】：

这看起来很有希望 Serg - 地址是我的目标 - 是否有可能提供一些粗略的 Delphi 代码？谢谢布赖恩。
@Serg：太好了——我会体验的。谢谢。布赖恩。
@Serg：这很好用，非常感谢 - 正是我开始所需要的。

【解决方案2】：

也许这会对你有所帮助：

uses ComObj, ActiveX;

function TForm1.GetObject(const objectName: String): IDispatch;
var
  bindCtx: IBindCtx;
  moniker: IMoniker;
  chEaten: Integer;
begin
  OleCheck(CreateBindCtx(0, bindCtx));
  OleCheck(MkParseDisplayName(bindCtx, StringToOleStr(objectName), chEaten, moniker));
  OleCheck(moniker.BindToObject(bindCtx, nil, IDispatch, Result));
end;
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  objWMIService: OLEVariant;
  colItems, colItem: OLEVariant;
  oEnum : IEnumvariant;
  iValue, test : longword;
begin
  objWMIService := GetObject('winmgmts:\\YourPCname\root\CIMV2');
  colItems := objWMIService.ExecQuery('SELECT * FROM Win32_ParallelPort',,48);
  oEnum := IUnknown(colItems._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  while oEnum.Next(1, colItem, iValue) = 0 do begin
     //You can get all the properties here 
     //for example colItem.Caption
     // properties of Win32_ParalelPort class : http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394247%28VS.85%29.aspx
  end;
end;

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

我不明白您需要什么值。
如果您需要知道这一点：

alt text http://img682.imageshack.us/img682/2382/imagen333.png

我想你可以在 Win32_PortResource 类和 Win32_portConnector

中找到它

你能确认是这样吗？
做一个测试；打开 CMD 窗口并输入：
> WMIC PORT List FULL

alt text http://img215.imageshack.us/img215/1696/imagen332.png

如果这是您正在搜索的值，您可以开发一个new component in GLibWMI（或向我寻求帮助）来检索此值。

问候。

PD：请原谅英语的错误。

【讨论】：

是的！这正是我想要的。我不明白如何显示信息，一个常见的问题是当有两个并行端口时，我需要知道两者的信息，而不仅仅是第一个。我希望我没有混淆。你的英语很好！布赖恩。

【解决方案4】：

@Brian，您只需使用 Win32_parallelPort 类来获取信息。

检查此代码。

program GetWMI_ParallelPortInfo;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses
  Windows,
  Classes,
  ActiveX,
  Variants,
  SysUtils,
  WbemScripting_TLB in '..\..\Documents\RAD Studio\5.0\Imports\WbemScripting_TLB.pas';

procedure  GetWMIParallelPortInfo;
var
  WMIServices  : ISWbemServices;
  WMILocator   : ISWbemLocator;
  Root         : ISWbemObjectSet;
  SWbemObject  : ISWbemObject;
  Item         : IEnumVariant;
  rgVar        : OleVariant;
  pCelFetched  : Cardinal;

begin
  WMILocator := CoSWbemLocator.Create();
  WMIServices := WMILocator.ConnectServer('.', 'root\cimv2','', '', '', '', 0, nil);    //
  Root := WMIServices.ExecQuery('Select * From Win32_ParallelPort','WQL', 0, nil);
  Item :=  (Root._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  while  (Item.Next(1, rgVar, pCelFetched) = S_OK) do
  begin
    SWbemObject := IUnknown(rgVar) as ISWBemObject;
    if (SWbemObject <> nil) then
    begin
      SWbemObject.Properties_;//Load the Properties to read 
      Writeln(SWbemObject.GetObjectText_(0));//The GetObjectText_ method of the SWbemObject  object returns a textual rendering of the object in MOF format
    end;
   end;
end;

begin
 try
    CoInitialize(nil);
    try
      GetWMIParallelPortInfo;
      Readln;
    finally
      CoUninitialize;
    end;
 except
    on E:Exception do
    Begin
        Writeln(E.Classname, ': ', E.Message);
        Readln;
    End;
  end;
end.

【讨论】：

@RRUZ 谢谢，代码给了我一个开始。请问如何找到“StartAddress”参数？布赖恩。