Elasticsearch 全文文档中的多词同义词答案

【问题标题】：Multiword Synonyms in Elasticsearch Full text documentElasticsearch 全文文档中的多词同义词
【发布时间】：2018-05-28 13:15:49
【问题描述】：

假设我们在 elasticsearch 中有以下映射：

  PUT /synonyms_test/
  {
     "settings": {
        "index": {
           "max_result_window": "5000000",
           "queries.cache.enabled": true,
           "requests.cache.enable": true
        },
        "analysis": {
           "filter": {
              "synonym_filter": {
                 "type": "synonym",
                 "synonyms": [
                    "USA, America, United States of America, The United States"
                 ],
                 "tokenizer": "keyword"
              }
           },
           "analyzer": {
              "synonyms_analyzer": {
                 "filter": [
                    "synonym_filter",
                    "lowercase"
                 ],
                 "tokenizer": "standard"
              }
           }
        }
     },
     "mappings": {
        "synonyms_index": {
           "properties": {
              "full_text": {
                 "type": "text",
                 "analyzer": "synonyms_analyzer",
                 "search_analyzer": "synonyms_analyzer"
              }
           }
        }
     }
  }

下面是三个带有同义词的索引文档的列表。

  POST synonyms_test/synonyms_index/1
  {
     "full_text": "Washington is capital of USA"
  }

  POST synonyms_test/synonyms_index/2
  {
     "full_text": "Washington is capital of the America"
  }

  POST synonyms_test/synonyms_index/3
  {
     "full_text": "Washington is capital of the United States of America"
  }

使用多词同义词搜索不起作用。我希望“美国”在 elasticsearch 中被转换为同义词，并且 elasticsearch 应该匹配所有三个文档。

  GET synonyms_test/synonyms_index/_search
  {
     "query": {
        "match": {
           "full_text": {
              "query": "Washington United States of America",
              "operator": "And"
           }
        }
     }
  }

如果我将 synonym_filter 中的标记器类型更改为标准，那么即使键入状态也会带来我不想要的所有三个结果。

【问题讨论】：

标签： elasticsearch

【解决方案1】：

您应该使用同义词替换而不是合并。所以改变

"USA, America, United States of America, The United States" 
to
"America, United States of America, The United States=>USA"

在此处查看指南以获取详细信息 https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/multi-word-synonyms.html

【讨论】：