查找组的最新行

Question

我知道没有“最后”行，所以我希望我清楚这不是我真正想要的。如果一个特定字段的值是按字母顺序排列的最后一个，我想选择表中的行。下面我尽量画出来。我是个新手，所以请多多包涵……

表 [订单编号]、[交货日期]、[订单数量]、[发货数量]、[开单方]、[发货方]、[发票编号]

我们会多次重新开具发票，发票编号会增加一个字母。这也将更新其他字段值。以下是带有多张发票的典型集合...

'987654', '2014-05-01 00:00:00', '100',  '90',  'BillToXYZ', 'ShipToXYZ',               '987654A' - NEW RECORD - 
'987654', '2014-05-01 00:00:00', '-100', '-90', 'BillToXYZ', 'ShipToXYZ',               '987654B' - NEW RECORD - 
'987654', '2014-05-01 00:00:00', '100',  '100', 'BillToXYZ', 'ShipToNEWSHIPTOLOCATION', '987654C' - NEW RECORD - 
'987654', '2014-05-01 00:00:00', '10',   '10',  'BillToXYZ', '2ndNEWSHIPTOLOCATION',    '987654D' - NEW RECORD - 

我需要的是查询上述所有字段，只带回那些 [Invoice Number] 是最后一个（按字母顺序）（在本例中为 987654D）的字段，但还要将其 SUM [Order Qty] 的值和无论[发票编号]如何，所有记录的[已发货数量]。

如果我可以提供任何其他信息，请告诉我。提前谢谢你。

Answer 1

可以使用ROW_NUMBER 函数获取组中的最后一行，设置ORDER BY 降序，然后使用过滤器获取值为1 的行。 带有窗口的SUM 和MAX 有助于获取其他聚合值。

WITH D AS (
  SELECT [Order Number]
       , [Delivery Date]
       , SUM([Order Qty]) OVER (PARTITION BY [Order Number]) [Total Order Qty]
       , [Total Shipped Qty] 
       = SUM([Shipped Qty]) OVER (PARTITION BY [Order Number]) 
       , [Bill To]
       , [Ship To]
       , [Last Invoice Number] 
       = MAX([Invoice Number]) OVER (PARTITION BY [Order Number])
       , ID = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY [Order Number] 
                                 ORDER BY [Invoice Number] DESC)
  FROM   Table1
)
SELECT [Order Number]
     , [Delivery Date]
     , [Total Order Qty]
     , [Total Shipped Qty]
     , [Bill To]
     , [Ship To]
     , [Last Invoice Number]
FROM   D
WHERE  ID = 1

SQLFiddle demo

Answer 2

在我看来，您可以按照其他答案的建议使用 GROUP BY 和聚合，但将其放在子查询中，以便您可以将“主”表链接到它并获取最新发票的详细值。以下代码是否符合您的要求？

CREATE TABLE #Table 
  (
    OrderNumber int, 
    DeliveryDate datetime, 
    OrderQty int, 
    ShippedQty int , 
    BillTo varchar(10), 
    ShipTo varchar(100), 
    InvoiceNumber varchar(20)
  )

INSERT INTO #Table 
  (
    OrderNumber, 
    DeliveryDate, 
    OrderQty, 
    ShippedQty, 
    BillTo, 
    ShipTo, 
    InvoiceNumber
  )

SELECT '987654', '2014-05-01 00:00:00', '100',  '90',  'BillToXYZ', 'ShipToXYZ',               '987654A' UNION
SELECT '987654', '2014-05-01 00:00:00', '-100', '-90', 'BillToXYZ', 'ShipToXYZ',               '987654B' UNION
SELECT '987654', '2014-05-01 00:00:00', '100',  '100', 'BillToXYZ', 'ShipToNEWSHIPTOLOCATION', '987654C' UNION
SELECT '987654', '2014-05-01 00:00:00', '10',   '10',  'BillToXYZ', '2ndNEWSHIPTOLOCATION',    '987654D'


SELECT t.*, s.TotalOrderQty, s.TotalShippedQty
FROM 
    #Table t
     INNER JOIN 
      (
        SELECT 
            OrderNumber, 
            MAX(InvoiceNumber) LastInvoice, 
            SUM(OrderQty) TotalOrderQty, 
            SUM(ShippedQty) TotalShippedQty
        FROM #Table
        GROUP BY OrderNumber
      ) s ON 
        t.OrderNumber = s.OrderNumber AND
        t.InvoiceNumber = s.LastInvoice

DROP TABLE #Table 

Answer 3

这就是你想要的吗？

编辑 2： 得到 OP 的澄清。已编辑我的解决方案以显示完整订单的聚合，但仅显示最新发票的行项目信息。在这里摆弄：http://sqlfiddle.com/#!3/08bb0/6

SELECT t1.[Order Number],
       t2.[Max Invoice Number],
       t1.[Ship To],
       t2.[Sum Order Qty],
       t2.[Sum Shipped Qty]
FROM Table1 t1 INNER JOIN
     (SELECT    [Order Number],
                MAX([Invoice Number] ) AS [Max Invoice Number],
                SUM([Order Qty]) AS [Sum Order Qty],
                SUM([Shipped Qty]) AS [Sum Shipped Qty]   
      FROM     Table1
      GROUP BY [Order Number]) t2
      ON t1.[Invoice Number] = t2.[Max Invoice Number]
ORDER BY t1.[Order Number];

您可以从 D 发票中添加更多列，方法是把它们放在 t1 的 SELECT 列表中，就像我对 [Ship To] 所做的那样。

编辑 1： 添加了分组以便考虑整个表。公平地说，Martin K. 首先发布了这个答案。