左连接返回零行

Question

我有两张桌子：

question
question_id | question

question_answer
answer_id | question_id | choice_id | user_id | explain

我想获取特定用户尚未回答的所有问题。

SELECT question, question_id as questionId 
FROM question q 
LEFT JOIN question_answer qa USING(question_id)
WHERE qa.user_id!=$userId

在这种情况下，我得到零行。我也试过了

SELECT question, q.question_id as questionId 
FROM question q 
LEFT JOIN question_answer qa ON q.question_id=qa.question_id AND qa.user_id!=$userId

显然这会返回所有记录。我卡在这里如何进行此查询。

Answer 1

LEFT JOIN 中用于检查特定用户的部分应颠倒过来，即user_id = $userId 而不是user_id <> $userId。

从结果行中选择user_id IS NULL 所在的行，以查找$userId 尚未回答（尚未）的问题。

SELECT question, q.question_id as questionId 
FROM question q 
LEFT JOIN question_answer qa ON q.question_id=qa.question_id AND qa.user_id=$userId
WHERE qa.user_id IS NULL

Answer 2

如果你不是一定要使用JOIN操作那么你可以试试这个

想要获取特定用户尚未回答的所有问题 然而：

select * from question
where
    question_id not in (select distinct question_id from question_answer where user_id=$userId);

See the demo on Sqlfiddle

不知道not in比JOIN操作慢还是快。

Answer 3

试试这个：

SELECT question, q.question_id as questionId 
FROM question q 
LEFT JOIN question_answer qa ON q.question_id = qa.question_id 
WHERE qa.user_id IS NULL;

SQL Fiddle Demo

这会给你没有答案的问题。

但是，如果您想获得尚未回答问题的用户，您应该在 users 表中添加一个额外的 JOIN。比如：

SELECT u.id, u.name
FROM  users u 
LEFT JOIN question_answer qa ON qa.user_id = u.id
WHERE qa.question_id IS NULL;

Updated SQL Fiddle Demo

Answer 4

我会将上面MG的答案修改为简单

SELECT question, q.question_id as questionId 
FROM question q 
LEFT JOIN question_answer qa ON q.question_id = qa.question_id 
and qa.user_id=2
WHERE qa.user_id IS NULL;