使用 MILLISECONDS 获取文件的最后修改日期？

Question

我正在尝试从文件夹中获取某些文件的日期和时间（上次修改）。我设法获得了日期和小时/分钟/秒，但我无法获得 毫秒。

我已经尝试以所有可能的方式格式化列。我只得到0 毫秒。

到目前为止我的代码是这样的：

• 用户选择文件夹

• 代码在 A 列中显示找到的所有文件名，在 B 列中显示日期、小时、分钟和秒（上次修改日期/时间）

我应该对当前代码做些什么来获得毫秒？

这是我的代码：

Private Function GetAllFiles(ByVal strPath As String, _
    ByVal intRow As Integer, ByRef objFSO As Object) As Integer
    Dim objFolder As Object
    Dim objFile As Object
    Dim i As Integer
    i = intRow - ROW_FIRST + 1
    Set objFolder = objFSO.GetFolder(strPath)
    For Each objFile In objFolder.Files
        'print file name
        Cells(i + ROW_FIRST + 2, 1) = objFile.Name
        'print file path
        Cells(i + ROW_FIRST + 2, 2) = objFile.DateLastModified
        i = i + 1
    Next objFile
    GetAllFiles = i + ROW_FIRST - 1
End Function

Answer 1

以下模块将使用 Windows API 调用检索 Windows 文件创建、修改或访问的日期时间（包括毫秒）。

但必须注意，存在许多潜在问题。一个很大的问题是 VBA Date 数据类型的分辨率为 1 秒，因此需要将日期时间作为字符串返回，或者以不同的数据类型存储（Currency 是正确的大小。）

Option Explicit

Declare Function GetFileTime Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hFile As Long, _
    lpCreationTime As FILETIME, lpLastAccessTime As FILETIME, _
    lpLastWriteTime As FILETIME) As Long

Declare Function CreateFile Lib "kernel32.dll" Alias "CreateFileA" _
    (ByVal lpFileName As String, ByVal dwDesiredAccess As Long, _
    ByVal dwShareMode As Long, lpSecurityAttributes As Any, _
    ByVal dwCreationDisposition As Long, ByVal dwFlagsAndAttributes As Long, _
    ByVal hTemplateFile As Long) As Long

Declare Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hObject As Long) As Long

Declare Function FileTimeToSystemTime Lib "kernel32.dll" _
    (lpFileTime As FILETIME, lpSystemTime As SYSTEMTIME) As Long

Type FILETIME
dwLowDateTime As Long
dwHighDateTime As Long
End Type

Type SYSTEMTIME
wYear As Integer
wMonth As Integer
wDayOfWeek As Integer
wDay As Integer
wHour As Integer
wMinute As Integer
wSecond As Integer
wMilliseconds As Integer
End Type


Const GENERIC_READ = &H80000000
Const GENERIC_WRITE = &H40000000
Const FILE_SHARE_READ = &H1
Const FILE_SHARE_WRITE = &H2
Const CREATE_ALWAYS = 2
Const CREATE_NEW = 1
Const OPEN_ALWAYS = 4
Const OPEN_EXISTING = 3
Const TRUNCATE_EXISTING = 5
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE = &H20
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN = &H2
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = &H80
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY = &H1
Const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM = &H4
Const FILE_FLAG_DELETE_ON_CLOSE = &H4000000
Const FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING = &H20000000
Const FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED = &H40000000
Const FILE_FLAG_POSIX_SEMANTICS = &H1000000
Const FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS = &H10000000
Const FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN = &H8000000
Const FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH = &H80000000

Function GetDateValue(fName As String) As String
'returns UTC (GMT) file time for specified file

    Dim hFile As Long ' handle to the opened file
    Dim ctime As FILETIME ' receives time of creation
    Dim atime As FILETIME ' receives time of last access
    Dim mtime As FILETIME ' receives time of last modification
    Dim Thetime As SYSTEMTIME ' used to manipulate the time
    Dim retval As Long ' return value

    hFile = CreateFile(fName, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, _
        ByVal CLng(0), OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE, 0)

    retval = GetFileTime(hFile, ctime, atime, mtime)

    'Choose which date to return: creation, modify or access date
    'retval = FileTimeToSystemTime(ctime, Thetime) 'extract creation datetime
    retval = FileTimeToSystemTime(mtime, Thetime) 'extract modified datetime
    'retval = FileTimeToSystemTime(atime, Thetime) 'extract accessed datetime

    retval = CloseHandle(hFile)

    With Thetime
        GetDateValue = .wYear & Format(.wMonth, "\-00") & _
            Format(.wDay, "\-00") & " " & Format(.wHour, "00") & _
            Format(.wMinute, "\:00") & Format(.wSecond, "\:00") & _
            Format(.wSecond, "\.000")
    End With
End Function

Sub test()
    MsgBox GetDateValue("c:\logfile.txt") 
    'returns a string like "2018-03-31 16:13:52.052"
End Sub

我只是将其粘贴在这里，它并不完美，但它可以工作并且可以根据您的个人需求进行调整。请注意，您需要手动取消注释您希望函数返回的哪个日期时间。

在将其用于任何重要的事情之前，请务必阅读，因为根据您的文件系统等存在限制。例如，NTFS 通常会在您“认为”文件完成后完成写入文件……最多 1 小时后。

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更多信息：

• VB 论坛：Code Source（请注意作者在以下帖子中提到的错误。）

• MSDN：Windows File Times

• MSDN : GetFileTime Function (Windows/C++)

• 堆栈溢出：VBA String with Milliseconds to Date