如何使用sql查询将json文件中的数据提取到表中

Question

如何使用 SQL 将 JSON 文件中的数据导入表中？我在使用 SQL 时遇到问题，我无法读取“值”“键”，因为它们是保留字。

这里是 SQL 查询的一部分和 JSON 文件的一部分：

DECLARE @JSON_table VARCHAR(MAX)

SELECT @JSON_table = BulkColumn
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\Users\dbjx1038\Desktop\sql\inventory.json', SINGLE_CLOB) import

SELECT ISJSON(@JSON_table) 
SELECT @JSON_table AS 'JSON Text'

SELECT * FROM OPENJSON (@JSON_table)

SELECT * 
FROM OPENJSON (@JSON_table, '$.header.columns') 
     WITH (title VARCHAR(50),
           [property] VARCHAR(50),
           minWidth int,
           dataType VARCHAR(50),
           hideable VARCHAR(10))

SELECT *  
FROM OPENJSON (@JSON_table, '$.header.fields')
     WITH (property VARCHAR(50),
           dataType VARCHAR(50),
           display VARCHAR(50))

SELECT *  
FROM OPENJSON (@JSON_table, '$.data')
     WITH (deviceType VARCHAR(50),
           validity VARCHAR(50),
           chasisNumber NVARCHAR(50),
           serialNumber NVARCHAR(50))

{
    "columns": [
      {
        "title": "Impacted Entities",
        "property": "values_short_display",
        "minWidth": 250,
        "dataType": "jsonArray"
      },
      {
        "title": "Impacted Entities Details",
        "property": "values",
        "hideable": true,
        "visible": false,
        "minWidth": 250,
        "dataType": "jsonArray"
      },
      {
        "title": "Severity",
        "property": "severity",
        "display": "iconAndText",
        "iconProperty": "severity",
        "hideable": false,
        "icon": [
          {
            "key": "Minor",
            "value": "images/event_minor.png"
          },
          {
            "key": "Medium",
            "value": "images/event_other.png"
          }
        ],
        "minWidth": 70,
        "dataType": "string"
      },
      {
        "title": "Alarm Name",
        "property": "rule_name_display",
        "hideable": false,
        "minWidth": 160,
        "dataType": "string"
      },
      {
        "title": "Cleared Date & Time",
        "property": "cleared_time",
        "displayFormat": "DD MMM YYYY h:mm:ss A z",
        "inputFormat": "unix-time",
        "minWidth": 200,
        "dataType": "date"
      }
    ],
    "fields": [
      {
        "property": "values_short_display",
        "dataType": "jsonArray"
      },
      {
        "property": "uuid",
        "dataType": "string"
      },
      {
        "property": "cleared_by",
        "dataType": "string"
      }
    ],   

我想制作包含列中这些数据的表，以及如何读取项目“entry_time”，因为破折号会导致错误

Answer 1

关于你问题的第一部分，这里是如何提取 key 和 value 的值...

select title, [property], display, iconProperty, hideable, minWidth, dataType, [key], [value]
from openjson(@JSON_table, '$.header.columns') with (
  title varchar(50),
  [property] varchar(50),
  display varchar(50),
  iconProperty varchar(50),
  hideable bit,
  icon nvarchar(max) as json, --<<-- NOTE: *N*varchar(max) as json
  minWidth int,
  dataType varchar(50)
) j
outer apply openjson(icon) with (
  [key] varchar(50),
  [value] varchar(100)
) i;

请注意，这会为 Severity 返回两行，因为它的 icon 包含 Minor 和 Medium 键：

title	property	display	iconProperty	hideable	minWidth	dataType	key	value
Impacted Entities	values_short_display				250	jsonArray
Impacted Entities Details	values			True	250	jsonArray
Severity	severity	iconAndText	severity	False	70	string	Minor	images/event_minor.png
Severity	severity	iconAndText	severity	False	70	string	Medium	images/event_other.png
Alarm Name	rule_name_display			False	160	string
Cleared Date & Time	cleared_time				200	date