直接从联系人选择器意图中选择联系人答案

【问题标题】：Pick contact directly from contact picker intent直接从联系人选择器意图中选择联系人
【发布时间】：2017-05-10 16:37:09
【问题描述】：

您好，我想从我们的默认通讯录意图中选择一个联系人。我尝试了几种方法来做到这一点。请在下面找到代码。所有这些代码的问题在于，它们打开一个中间文档屏幕，其中用户必须选择联系人的选项很少，然后它会打开通讯录。

private void openContactIntent() {
     Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT, ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI);
     intent.setType(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
     startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_CONTACT_DIRECTORY);
}

我也试过了

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI);
startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT);

和

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
intent.setType(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_TYPE);
startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT);

我看到的中间屏幕是

【问题讨论】：

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI); startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT); 它对我有用！
它与任何操作系统有关吗？我在 Android N 上运行代码。对我来说它不起作用。我没有添加任何权限。
我也在运行 Android N！
还有权限？
这能回答你的问题吗？ Trying to insert contact into edittext using contact picker

标签： android android-intent android-contacts android-implicit-intent contactpicker

【解决方案1】：

StarActivityForResult 已弃用。所以我们可以在 Kotlin 中使用下面的模型。

在清单中：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />

请同时实现运行时权限。我的代码中还没有完成。

用于处理结果的以下行：

    private val openContacts = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.PickContact()) {

    val contactData: Uri = it
    val phone: Cursor? = contentResolver.query(contactData!!, null, null, null, null)
    if (phone!!.moveToFirst()) {
        val contactName: String = phone.getString(phone.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME))

        // To get number - runtime permission is mandatory.
        val id: String = phone.getString(phone.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID))
        if (phone.getString(phone.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER)).toInt() > 0) {
            val phones = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + " = " + id, null, null)
            while (phones!!.moveToNext()) {
                val phoneNumber = phones.getString(phones.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER))
                Log.d("## Number", phoneNumber)
            }
            phones!!.close()
        }

        Log.d("## Contact Name", contactName)
    }

}

打开联系人：

button.setOnClickListener {
        openContacts.launch(null)
    }

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

对于 Android 11+，需要在 AndroidManifest 中添加以下代码

......
</application>
    <queries>
        <intent>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
            <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
            <data android:mimeType="vnd.android.cursor.dir/contact" />
        </intent>
    </queries>
</manifest>

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

这是一个很好的实现（在 Kotlin 中），我将在此处添加它以帮助从光标获取联系信息。您还需要授予权限并请求运行时权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />

    @SuppressLint("Recycle")
    private fun getContactDataFrom(
        contentResolver: ContentResolver,
        contactUri: Uri
    ): ContactModel? {
        val projection = arrayOf(
            ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,
            ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME,
            ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER
        )

        try {
            val cursor = contentResolver.query(contactUri, projection, null, null, null) ?: return null
            if (!cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                return null
            }

            val id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID))
            val name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME))
            val hasNumber = (cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER)))
            cursor.close()

            val email = getEmail(contentResolver, id)

            val phoneNumber = if (hasNumber > 0) {
                getPhoneNumber(contentResolver, id)
            } else {
                ""
            }
            return ContactModel(name, phoneNumber, email)
        } catch (e: Exception) {
            Log.e("Contacts", "Could not get contact info.", e)
            return null
        }
    }

    @SuppressLint("Recycle")
    private fun getPhoneNumber(contentResolver: ContentResolver, id: String?): String {
        var phoneNumber = ""

        val cursor = contentResolver.query(
            ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
            null,
            ContactsContract.Contacts._ID + " = ?",
            arrayOf(id),
            null
        ) ?: return phoneNumber

        if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            phoneNumber = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DATA))
        }

        cursor.close()
        return phoneNumber
    }

    @SuppressLint("Recycle")
    private fun getEmail(contentResolver: ContentResolver, id: String?): String {
        var email = ""

        val cursor = contentResolver.query(
            ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,
            null,
            ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID + " = ?",
            arrayOf(id),
            null
        ) ?: return email

        if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            email = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA))
        }

        cursor.close()
        return email
    }

触发器：

    val intent = Intent(this, PickLabelActivity::class.java)               
    startActivityForResult(intent, PickLabelActivity.REQ_CODE_PICK_LABEL)

onActivityResult 中的用法应该是这样的：

override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)

         if (resultCode == RESULT_OK && requestCode == ConstantsHandler.INTENT_CODE_PICK_CONTACT) {
            val contactUri = data?.data ?: return
            val contactModel = getContactDataFrom(contentResolver, contactUri)

            inputName.setText(contactModel?.name)
            inputPhone.setText(contactModel?.phone)
            inputEmail.setText(contactModel?.email)
        }
    }

而那个 ContactModel 只是一个简单的数据类。

data class ContactModel(
    var name: String? = null,
    var phone: String? = null,
    var email: String? = null
) : Serializable

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

试试下面的代码来选择联系人：

Intent contactPickerIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,
                    ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI);
            startActivityForResult(contactPickerIntent, RESULT_PICK_CONTACT);

您可以在onActivityResult中获取所需的信息，如下所示：

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case RESULT_PICK_CONTACT:
                  Cursor cursor = null;
    try {
        String phoneNo = null;
        String name = null;

        Uri uri = data.getData();
        cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        int  phoneIndex =cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER);
        int  nameIndex =cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME);
        phoneNo = cursor.getString(phoneIndex);
        name = cursor.getString(nameIndex);

       Log.e("Name and Contact number is",name+","+phoneNo);

    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
                break;
        }
    } else {
        Log.e("Failed", "Not able to pick contact");
    }
}

【讨论】：

哦..!!太棒了..!!
这实际上还是在某些设备上打开了文件管理器，最好也加上intent.setType(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_TYPE);
RESULT_PICK_CONTACT 是什么。是字符串还是其他变量？
@Ganesan J是int，看看Getting a result from an activity的文章

【解决方案5】：

这是一种从 Kotlin 中的联系人中选择姓名、电话号码的方法

private fun pickEmergencyFromContacts() {
    val i = Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK)
    i.type = ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_TYPE
    startActivityForResult(i, SELECT_PHONE_NUMBER)
}

override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
    if (requestCode == SELECT_PHONE_NUMBER && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
        val contactUri = data?.data ?: return
        val projection = arrayOf(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME,
                ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER)
        val cursor = requireContext().contentResolver.query(contactUri, projection,
                null, null, null)

        if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
            val nameIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME)
            val numberIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER)
            val name = cursor.getString(nameIndex)
            val number = cursor.getString(numberIndex)

            // do something with name and phone
        }
        cursor?.close()
    }
}

companion object {

    private const val SELECT_PHONE_NUMBER = 111    
    ...
}

希望对你有帮助

【讨论】：

这只会给1个联系人，有没有办法一次选择多个联系人？

【解决方案6】：

 private static final int RESULT_PICK_CONTACT1= 1;
 public void pickContact1 (View v)
      {
        Intent contactPickerIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI);
        startActivityForResult(contactPickerIntent, RESULT_PICK_CONTACT1);
      }
 @Override
    protected void onActivityResult ( int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data){
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            switch (requestCode) {
                case RESULT_PICK_CONTACT1:
                    contactPicked1(data);
                    break;
            }
        } else {
            Log.e("SetupActivity", "Failed to pick contact");
        }
    }

 private void contactPicked1 (Intent data){
        Cursor cursor = null;
        try {
            String phoneNo = null;
            String name = null;
            Uri uri = data.getData();
            cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null, null, null);
            cursor.moveToFirst();
            int phoneIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER);
            int nameIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME);
            name = cursor.getString(nameIndex);
            phoneNo = cursor.getString(phoneIndex);
            ed11.setText(name);
            ed12.setText(phoneNo);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

这肯定行得通。

【讨论】：

【解决方案7】：

我也遇到了同样的问题。最后，我使用下面的代码摆脱了中间选择器屏幕，

Intent i=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
i.setType(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_TYPE);
startActivityForResult(i, SELECT_PHONE_NUMBER);

在onActivityResult获取电话号码如下

if (requestCode == SELECT_PHONE_NUMBER && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
  // Get the URI and query the content provider for the phone number
  Uri contactUri = data.getData();
  String[] projection = new String[]{ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER};
  Cursor cursor = getContext().getContentResolver().query(contactUri, projection,
      null, null, null);

  // If the cursor returned is valid, get the phone number
  if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
    int numberIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER);
    String number = cursor.getString(numberIndex);
    // Do something with the phone number
    ... 
  } 

  cursor.close();
}

【讨论】：

这对我来说效果很好，除了 getContext 需要替换为对活动的引用（this），否则我会遇到没有仪器注册的问题。
运行良好，但由于某种原因结果代码是随机的，可能是 Android 11 问题
对于 Android 11+，AndroidManifest 文件中的更改，如 stackoverflow.com/a/67600033/1889825

【解决方案8】：

这对我有用：

Intent it= new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, 
     ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI); 
startActivityForResult(it, requestCode);

【讨论】：