【问题标题】:Separating values of a column in a CSV in powershell在PowerShell中分隔CSV中列的值
【发布时间】:2019-10-31 16:23:45
【问题描述】:

我有多个文件在一个单元格中包含一个人的全名。我想将这些名称分成两列 - 名字和姓氏

我用来分隔值的代码在我以前的脚本迭代中有效,但现在不再有效

我无法确定错误所在,有人可以建议吗?

$path          = 'C:\MAY2019correct'

#XYZ

$excelOut      = Join-Path -Path $path -ChildPath 'XYZ.csv'
$completedFile = Join-Path -Path $path -ChildPath 'Completed-XYZ.csv'
$defaultValue  = 'ABC'
$filter        = '*XYZ*'
$excelFile     = Get-ChildItem -Path $path -Filter $filter -File | 
Select-Object -First 1
$allstaff = @()

if ($excelFile) {
$excel = New-Object -ComObject Excel.Application -Property @{Visible = 
$false} 
# Open the file
$workbook = $excel.Workbooks.Open($excelFile.FullName) 
# Activate the first worksheet
$sheet = $workbook.Sheets.Item(1) 
[void]$sheet.Cells.Item(1, 1).EntireRow.Delete() # Delete the first row
[void]$sheet.Cells.Item(1, 1).EntireRow.Delete() # Delete the 2 row
[void]$sheet.Cells.Item(1, 1).EntireRow.Delete() # Delete the 3 row

$workbook.SaveAs($excelOut,6)
# Close workbook and save changes
$workbook.Close($true) 
# Quit Excel
$excel.Quit()

# clean-up Com objects
[System.Runtime.Interopservices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($sheet) | Out-Null
[System.Runtime.Interopservices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($workbook) | Out-Null
[System.Runtime.Interopservices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($excel) | Out-Null

$headers = 'Element Name','Surname','EmployeeNo','Amount','YTD'
# import the csv file and select all the above headers plus one that is created using a calculated property
$csv = Import-Csv -Path $excelOut -Header $headers -UseCulture | Select-Object *, @{Name = 'Paycentre'; Expression = {$defaultValue}}|


Write-Host "Creating completed csv file '$completedFile'"
$csv | Export-Csv -Path $completedFile -UseCulture -Force - 
NoTypeInformation
}
else {
Write-Warning "Could not find a file using filter '$filter' in path 
'$path'"
}

foreach($staff in $completedFile)
{

   #Get the values from the CSV for this row
   $Surname = $staff.Surname
   $Surname = $Surname.Substring(0, $Surname.lastIndexOf(' '))
   $Initial = $staff.Surname
   $Initial = $Initial.Substring($Initial.lastIndexOf(' ') + 1 )
   $Firstname = $staff.Surname
   $Firstname = $Firstname.Substring($Initial.lastIndexOf(' ') + 1 )
   $EmployeeNo = $staff.EmployeeNo
   $NINumber = $staff.NINumber
   $Amount = $staff.Amount
   $Paycentre = $staff.Paycentre

   $staff2  = New-Object System.Object
   $staff2 | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Surname" -Value $Surname
   $staff2 | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "FirstName" -Value $Firstname
   $staff2 | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "EmployeeNo" -Value $EmployeeNo
   $staff2 | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "NINumber" -Value $NINumber
   $staff2 | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Amount" -Value $Amount
   $staff2 | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "FirstName" -Value $Initial
   $staff2 | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name "Paycentre" -Value $Paycentre
   #add to array
    $allstaff += $staff2
 } 

 $allstaff | Export-Csv -NoTypeInformation -Path $completedFile

【问题讨论】:

  • NINumber 来自哪里?它不在您从 Excel 创建的 csv 中,而且我看不到 Element NameYTD 字段的用途。不要在 csv 中创建标题,然后您为这些字段使用完全不同的名称。此外,在您创建$staff2 时,您定义了属性FirstName 两次,并且您正在迭代文件路径$completedFile(字符串)而不是$csv 中的实际数据。另一件事是你似乎在随机的地方用换行符打破代码行。
  • 嗨@Theo,堆栈溢出有一个限制,直到我获得 15 名声望时才会让我✓ - 我第二次这样做,我会的。至于字段信息,这些是在我收到各种格式的信息后应用的标题,我得到 xlsx、csv、txt。都需要通过脚本运行的文档。我们应用标题,然后使用标题来提取我们想要/可以用于我们的主文档的相关信息。并非所有收到的文件都具有所有行的相同信息或事件完成信息。

标签: excel powershell csv


【解决方案1】:

我看到的第一件事是您的 foreach 循环正在迭代 $completedFile 变量,该变量似乎是文件路径,而不是集合。

应该改为foreach ($staff in $csv) 吗?

此外,在处理代码中的名称时要非常小心。做出破坏事情的糟糕假设非常容易。更多信息请参见Falsehoods Programmers Believe About Names

【讨论】:

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